Fabrication of superhydrophilic surface on metallic nickel by sub-nanosecond laser-induced ablation

• Main Authors: HuaZhong Zhu, HongChao Zhang, XiaoWu Ni, ZhongHua Shen, Jian Lu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: AIP Publishing LLC 2019-08-01
• Series: AIP Advances
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5111069

The alterations of wettability on metallic nickel surface by sub-nanosecond laser (1 ns, 1064 nm) induced surface modification was investigated. An approximate linear relation between surface contact angles (CAs) and accumulated fluence was established, which shows that with proper combinations of laser parameters, CA would reduce significantly from its initial value (∼96°) to approximately 3.1°. The microscopic inspection and roughness test reveal that the surface roughness on irradiated areas would increase remarkably due to the distribution of micro/nanoparticels and cracks that induced by laser ablation, which consequently improve the hydrophilic performance effectively. On the other hand, elemental analyses by use of XPS demonstrate that the nickel dioxides and nickel hydroxides were generated as the main components covering the self-organized structures. Such increasement in oxygen content, especially the growth of NiO and hydroxyl group provides a prerequisite in the transformation of nickel from initial hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity. And the integrated effects of surface morphology, roughness and chemistry ultimately led to the formation of super-wettability. The investigation indicates that, the sub-nanosecond laser is an effective tool to transform the metallic nickel into functional material with a highly hydrophilic surface by creating controllable topographical features and chemical properties on its surface.