Pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?

Background and objectives: Total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty are associated with chronic pain development. Of the studies focusing on perioperative factors for chronic pain, few have focused on the differences that might arise from the anesthesia type performed during surgery. Metho...

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Main Authors: Diogo Luís Pereira, Hugo Lourenço Meleiro, Inês Araújo Correia, Sara Fonseca
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2016-11-01
Series:Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001416000208
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author Diogo Luís Pereira
Hugo Lourenço Meleiro
Inês Araújo Correia
Sara Fonseca
spellingShingle Diogo Luís Pereira
Hugo Lourenço Meleiro
Inês Araújo Correia
Sara Fonseca
Pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
author_facet Diogo Luís Pereira
Hugo Lourenço Meleiro
Inês Araújo Correia
Sara Fonseca
author_sort Diogo Luís Pereira
title Pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?
title_short Pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?
title_full Pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?
title_fullStr Pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?
title_full_unstemmed Pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?
title_sort pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?
publisher Elsevier
series Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
issn 0104-0014
publishDate 2016-11-01
description Background and objectives: Total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty are associated with chronic pain development. Of the studies focusing on perioperative factors for chronic pain, few have focused on the differences that might arise from the anesthesia type performed during surgery. Methods: This was a prospective observational study performed between July 2014 and March 2015 with patients undergoing unilateral elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) for osteoarthritis. Data collection and pain evaluation questionnaires were performed in three different moments: preoperatively, 24 hours postoperatively and at 6 months after surgery. To characterize pain, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) was used and SF-12v2 Health survey was used to further evaluate the sample's health status. Results: Forty and three patients were enrolled: 25.6% men and 74.4% women, 51,2% for total knee arthroplasty and48.8% for total hip arthroplasty, with a mean age of 68 years. Surgeries were performed in 25.6% of patients under general anesthesia, 55.8% under neuraxial anesthesia and 18.6% under combined anesthesia. Postoperatively, neuraxial anesthesia had a better pain control. Comparing pain evolution between anesthesia groups, neuraxial anesthesia was associated with a decrease in “worst”, “medium” and “now” pain at six months. Combined anesthesia was associated with a decrease of “medium” pain scores at six months. Of the three groups, only those in neuraxial group showed a decrease in level of pain interference in “walking ability”. TKA, “worst” pain preoperatively and general were predictors of pain development at six months. Conclusions: Patients with gonarthrosis and severe pain preoperatively may benefit from individualized pre- and intraoperative care, particularly preoperative analgesia and neuraxial anesthesia. Resumo: Justificativa e objetivos: A artroplastia total de joelho e a artroplastia total de quadril estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de dor crônica. Dentre os estudos que avaliam os fatores perioperatórios para a dor crônica, poucos abordam as diferenças que podem surgir do tipo de anestesia realizada durante a cirurgia. Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo, realizado entre julho de 2014 e março 2015 com pacientes submetidos à ATJ unilateral eletiva ou ATQ para a osteoartrite. A coleta de dados e a avaliação da dor por meio de questionários foram realizadas em três momentos distintos: no pré-operatório, em 24 horas de pós-operatório e aos seis meses após a cirurgia. O Inventário Breve da Dor (IBD) foi usado para caracterizar a dor o e o Questionário SF-12v2 foi usado para avaliar melhor o estado de saúde da amostra. Resultados: Quarenta e três pacientes foram inscritos: 25,6% homens e 74,4% mulheres, 51,2% para ATJ e 48,8% ATQ, com média de idade de 68 anos. A cirurgia foi realizada em 25,6% dos pacientes sob anestesia geral, em 55,8% sob anestesia neuroaxial e em 18,6% sob anestesia combinada. No pós-operatório, a anestesia neuraxial apresentou melhor controle da dor. Na comparação da evolução da dor entre os grupos, a anestesia neuraxial foi associada a uma diminuição de “pior”, “médio” e “sem” dor em seis meses. A anestesia combinada foi associada a uma diminuição do escore “médio” de dor em seis meses. Dos três grupos, apenas aqueles no grupo neuraxial apresentaram uma diminuição do nível de interferência da dor na “capacidade de caminhar”. ATJ, “pior” dor no pré-operatório e anestesia geral foram preditivos de desenvolvimento de dor aos seis meses. Conclusões: Os pacientes com gonartrose e dor intensa no pré-operatório podem obter benefício de cuidados individualizados no pré e intraoperatório, particularmente de analgesia no pré-operatório e anestesia neuraxial. Keywords: Arthroplasty, General anesthesia, Neuraxial anesthesia, Preoperative pain, Postoperative pain, Chronic pain, Chronic postoperative pain, Palavras-chave: Artroplastia, Anestesia geral, Anestesia neuroaxial, Dor pré-operatória, Dor pós-operatória, Dor crônica, Dor crônica pós-operatória
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001416000208
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spelling doaj-3e478e8490c04801af4d66c297a016122020-11-24T23:30:57ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Anesthesiology0104-00142016-11-01666628636Pain after major elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb and type of anesthesia: does it matter?Diogo Luís Pereira0Hugo Lourenço Meleiro1Inês Araújo Correia2Sara Fonseca3Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Corresponding author.Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, PortugalCentro Hospitalar São João, Porto, PortugalUniversidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centro Hospitalar São João, Departamento de Anestesiologia, Porto, PortugalBackground and objectives: Total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty are associated with chronic pain development. Of the studies focusing on perioperative factors for chronic pain, few have focused on the differences that might arise from the anesthesia type performed during surgery. Methods: This was a prospective observational study performed between July 2014 and March 2015 with patients undergoing unilateral elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) for osteoarthritis. Data collection and pain evaluation questionnaires were performed in three different moments: preoperatively, 24 hours postoperatively and at 6 months after surgery. To characterize pain, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) was used and SF-12v2 Health survey was used to further evaluate the sample's health status. Results: Forty and three patients were enrolled: 25.6% men and 74.4% women, 51,2% for total knee arthroplasty and48.8% for total hip arthroplasty, with a mean age of 68 years. Surgeries were performed in 25.6% of patients under general anesthesia, 55.8% under neuraxial anesthesia and 18.6% under combined anesthesia. Postoperatively, neuraxial anesthesia had a better pain control. Comparing pain evolution between anesthesia groups, neuraxial anesthesia was associated with a decrease in “worst”, “medium” and “now” pain at six months. Combined anesthesia was associated with a decrease of “medium” pain scores at six months. Of the three groups, only those in neuraxial group showed a decrease in level of pain interference in “walking ability”. TKA, “worst” pain preoperatively and general were predictors of pain development at six months. Conclusions: Patients with gonarthrosis and severe pain preoperatively may benefit from individualized pre- and intraoperative care, particularly preoperative analgesia and neuraxial anesthesia. Resumo: Justificativa e objetivos: A artroplastia total de joelho e a artroplastia total de quadril estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de dor crônica. Dentre os estudos que avaliam os fatores perioperatórios para a dor crônica, poucos abordam as diferenças que podem surgir do tipo de anestesia realizada durante a cirurgia. Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo, realizado entre julho de 2014 e março 2015 com pacientes submetidos à ATJ unilateral eletiva ou ATQ para a osteoartrite. A coleta de dados e a avaliação da dor por meio de questionários foram realizadas em três momentos distintos: no pré-operatório, em 24 horas de pós-operatório e aos seis meses após a cirurgia. O Inventário Breve da Dor (IBD) foi usado para caracterizar a dor o e o Questionário SF-12v2 foi usado para avaliar melhor o estado de saúde da amostra. Resultados: Quarenta e três pacientes foram inscritos: 25,6% homens e 74,4% mulheres, 51,2% para ATJ e 48,8% ATQ, com média de idade de 68 anos. A cirurgia foi realizada em 25,6% dos pacientes sob anestesia geral, em 55,8% sob anestesia neuroaxial e em 18,6% sob anestesia combinada. No pós-operatório, a anestesia neuraxial apresentou melhor controle da dor. Na comparação da evolução da dor entre os grupos, a anestesia neuraxial foi associada a uma diminuição de “pior”, “médio” e “sem” dor em seis meses. A anestesia combinada foi associada a uma diminuição do escore “médio” de dor em seis meses. Dos três grupos, apenas aqueles no grupo neuraxial apresentaram uma diminuição do nível de interferência da dor na “capacidade de caminhar”. ATJ, “pior” dor no pré-operatório e anestesia geral foram preditivos de desenvolvimento de dor aos seis meses. Conclusões: Os pacientes com gonartrose e dor intensa no pré-operatório podem obter benefício de cuidados individualizados no pré e intraoperatório, particularmente de analgesia no pré-operatório e anestesia neuraxial. Keywords: Arthroplasty, General anesthesia, Neuraxial anesthesia, Preoperative pain, Postoperative pain, Chronic pain, Chronic postoperative pain, Palavras-chave: Artroplastia, Anestesia geral, Anestesia neuroaxial, Dor pré-operatória, Dor pós-operatória, Dor crônica, Dor crônica pós-operatóriahttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001416000208