Chronic periodontitis in a group of patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis – particularities of expression

• Main Authors: Răzvan Circo, Cristina Gosu, Victoria Badea
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amaltea Medical Publishing House 2021-03-01
• Series: Romanian Medical Journal
• Subjects: periodontal disease; chronic autoimmune thyroiditis; oral hygiene index
• Online Access: https://rmj.com.ro/articles/2021.1/RMJ_2021_1_Art-16.pdf
• ISSN: 1220-5478; 2069-606X

Objectives. The intricacy of the inflammatory / infiltrative process common to chronic autoimmune thyroid disease and periodontal disease (CP) justifies the study of the incidence and expression peculiarities of periodontal lesions encountered in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT). The presence of periodontal plaque correlated with the oral hygiene index represents a proof of the microbial aggression, as a "trigger" in initiating the pathological process with a progressive evolution. Material and method. The study included patients with CP: group 1 – associating CAT, group 2 – without thyroid disease. The periodontal status was assessed: mild, medium, aggravated. Statistically correlated variables: periodontal lesions, sex, age of patients, OHI-s, thyroid functional status (TSH), serum level of thyroid autoantibodies (ATPO / ATg) and antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Results. A heterogeneity of the distribution of periodontal lesions in both groups was found. The preponderance of lesions with statistical significance (p < 0.001) predominated for study group 1. Aggravated periodontal status: more common in group 1 (p = 0.043), was not influenced by the sex of the patients. The monofactorial linear regression finds the average interdependence between the OHI-s value and the age of the patients (r = 0.63; p = 0.018) and the TSH problem (r = 0.55; p = 0.0003). The multifactorial linear regression, however, attests a direct proportional relationship between OHI-s and TSH, ATPO, ATg (r = 0.56; p = 0.001) and intensified with age (r = 0.78, p <0.001). Effect on OHI-s calculated by ANOVA test: ATPO (Pr = 78.66%; r = 0.73; p = 0.05); ATg (Pr = 94.06%; r = 0.73; p = 0.042); both antibodies (Pr = 96.28%, r = 0.87; p = 0.003), correlated with age (r = 0.99; p <0.001). No statistical correlation for ANA was found. Conclusions. The presence and progressive characteristics of CP in patients with CAT attests the etiopathogenic interference of the two diseases and requests an interdisciplinary therapeutic attitude.