High Resolution Soft X-ray Spectroscopy and the Quest for the Hot (5–10 MK) Plasma in Solar Active Regions

• Main Authors: Giulio Del Zanna, Vincenzo Andretta, Peter J. Cargill, Alain J. Corso, Adrian N. Daw, Leon Golub, James A. Klimchuk, Helen E. Mason
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-01
• Series: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
• Subjects: sun–active regions; sun–atmosphere; X-ray; spectroscopy; coronal heating
• Online Access: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2021.638489/full

We discuss the diagnostics available to study the 5–10 MK plasma in the solar corona, which is key to understanding the heating in the cores of solar active regions. We present several simulated spectra, and show that excellent diagnostics are available in the soft X-rays, around 100 Å, as six ionization stages of Fe can simultaneously be observed, and electron densities derived, within a narrow spectral region. As this spectral range is almost unexplored, we present an analysis of available and simulated spectra, to compare the hot emission with the cooler component. We adopt recently designed multilayers to present estimates of count rates in the hot lines, with a baseline spectrometer design. Excellent count rates are found, opening up the exciting opportunity to obtain high-resolution spectroscopy of hot plasma.