The role of stem cell metabolites derived from placenta for skin regeneration: An in vitro study

• Main Authors: Purwati Sumorejo, Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan, Ardhiah Iswanda Putri, Fedik Abdul Rantam, Helen Susilowati, Eryk Hendrianto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: DiscoverSys 2019-04-01
• Series: Bali Medical Journal
• Subjects: stem cell metabolites, placenta, skin regeneration, in vitro study
• Online Access: https://balimedicaljournal.org/index.php/bmj/article/view/1387

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The role of stem cells in skin aging is to repair injured tissue or replace other cells in programmed cell death. Stem cell metabolites are rich in growth factors including IL-10, IL-4, EGF, GM-CSF, and TGF-β that can induce the skin production of protein and elastic fibers, leading to the improvement of skin appearance.</p><p><strong>Aim:</strong> This study aimed to assess the characteristics of stem cell metabolites in vitro.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Cytotoxicity assay was performed using MTT reagents and optical cell densities were determined using ELISA reader to find the percentage of living cells. Cytokine detection assay was performed by analyzing the cytokine levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) using ELISA. Apoptosis assay was performed using the double staining method with the markers identified were Hsp70, p53, and caspase-3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All samples showed the percentage of living cells that exceed 70%. Cytokine detection assay showed a decrease of IL-12 and IFN-γ in both PBMC and MSC groups. The apoptosis assay of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells using a fluorescence microscope showed most of the green light was lost in control cells without metabolites. We found that the expressions of Hsp70 were increased while the expression of p53 and caspase-3 were decreased in the stem cell metabolites samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> These results showed that stem cell metabolites are non-toxic, do not cause a systemic immune response to surrounding tissue, and able to inhibit the occurrence of apoptosis.</p>