Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic Emitter

Advancements in nanotechnology have facilitated the increased use of ZnO nanostructures. In particular, hierarchical and core−shell nanostructures, providing a graded refractive index change, have recently been applied to enhance the photon extraction efficiency of photonic emitters. In th...

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Main Authors:	Won-Seok Lee, Soon-Hwan Kwon, Hee-Jung Choi, Kwang-Gyun Im, Hannah Lee, Semi Oh, Kyoung-Kook Kim
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2020-03-01
Series:	Micromachines
Subjects:	self-align hierarchical nanostructures zno nanorod/nio nanosheet photon extraction efficiency photonic emitter
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/4/346

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spelling	doaj-3c9ea78d9cc040ae8032f16750ea7b272020-11-25T02:10:34ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2020-03-0111434610.3390/mi11040346mi11040346Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic EmitterWon-Seok Lee0Soon-Hwan Kwon1Hee-Jung Choi2Kwang-Gyun Im3Hannah Lee4Semi Oh5Kyoung-Kook Kim6Department of Advanced Convergence Technology, Research Institute of Advanced Convergence Technology, Korea Polytechnic University, Gyeonggi-do 15073, KoreaDepartment of Advanced Convergence Technology, Research Institute of Advanced Convergence Technology, Korea Polytechnic University, Gyeonggi-do 15073, KoreaDepartment of Advanced Convergence Technology, Research Institute of Advanced Convergence Technology, Korea Polytechnic University, Gyeonggi-do 15073, KoreaDepartment of Nano & Semiconductor Engineering, Korea Polytechnic University, Gyeonggi-do 15073, KoreaDepartment of Advanced Convergence Technology, Research Institute of Advanced Convergence Technology, Korea Polytechnic University, Gyeonggi-do 15073, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Advanced Convergence Technology, Research Institute of Advanced Convergence Technology, Korea Polytechnic University, Gyeonggi-do 15073, KoreaAdvancements in nanotechnology have facilitated the increased use of ZnO nanostructures. In particular, hierarchical and core−shell nanostructures, providing a graded refractive index change, have recently been applied to enhance the photon extraction efficiency of photonic emitters. In this study, we demonstrate self-aligned hierarchical ZnO nanorod (ZNR)/NiO nanosheet arrays on a conventional photonic emitter (C-emitter) with a wavelength of 430 nm. These hierarchical nanostructures were synthesized through a two-step hydrothermal process at low temperature, and their optical output power was approximately 17% higher than that of ZNR arrays on a C-emitter and two times higher than that of a C-emitter. These results are due to the graded index change in refractive index from the GaN layer inside the device toward the outside as well as decreases in the total internal reflection and Fresnel reflection of the photonic emitter.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/4/346self-alignhierarchical nanostructureszno nanorod/nio nanosheetphoton extraction efficiencyphotonic emitter
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Won-Seok Lee Soon-Hwan Kwon Hee-Jung Choi Kwang-Gyun Im Hannah Lee Semi Oh Kyoung-Kook Kim
spellingShingle	Won-Seok Lee Soon-Hwan Kwon Hee-Jung Choi Kwang-Gyun Im Hannah Lee Semi Oh Kyoung-Kook Kim Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic Emitter Micromachines self-align hierarchical nanostructures zno nanorod/nio nanosheet photon extraction efficiency photonic emitter
author_facet	Won-Seok Lee Soon-Hwan Kwon Hee-Jung Choi Kwang-Gyun Im Hannah Lee Semi Oh Kyoung-Kook Kim
author_sort	Won-Seok Lee
title	Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic Emitter
title_short	Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic Emitter
title_full	Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic Emitter
title_fullStr	Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic Emitter
title_full_unstemmed	Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic Emitter
title_sort	self-aligned hierarchical zno nanorod/nio nanosheet arrays for high photon extraction efficiency of gan-based photonic emitter
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Micromachines
issn	2072-666X
publishDate	2020-03-01
description	Advancements in nanotechnology have facilitated the increased use of ZnO nanostructures. In particular, hierarchical and core−shell nanostructures, providing a graded refractive index change, have recently been applied to enhance the photon extraction efficiency of photonic emitters. In this study, we demonstrate self-aligned hierarchical ZnO nanorod (ZNR)/NiO nanosheet arrays on a conventional photonic emitter (C-emitter) with a wavelength of 430 nm. These hierarchical nanostructures were synthesized through a two-step hydrothermal process at low temperature, and their optical output power was approximately 17% higher than that of ZNR arrays on a C-emitter and two times higher than that of a C-emitter. These results are due to the graded index change in refractive index from the GaN layer inside the device toward the outside as well as decreases in the total internal reflection and Fresnel reflection of the photonic emitter.
topic	self-align hierarchical nanostructures zno nanorod/nio nanosheet photon extraction efficiency photonic emitter
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/4/346
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Self-Aligned Hierarchical ZnO Nanorod/NiO Nanosheet Arrays for High Photon Extraction Efficiency of GaN-Based Photonic Emitter

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