AGENTS OF FUNGAL DISEASES OF THE GALEGA ORIENTALIS LAM.

• Main Author: Kirilenko L. V.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Uman National University of Horticulture 2019-01-01
• Series: Вісник Уманського національного університету садівництва
• Subjects: galéga orientális lam.; phytopathogens; monitoring; pathogens of fungal diseases; alternaria; cladosporium
• Online Access: http://visnyk-unaus.udau.edu.ua/assets/files/articles/2019/1/20.pdf

The article is devoted to a study on the identification of phytopathogenic fungi on the crops of Galéga orientális Lam. After all, the consequences caused by fungal diseases cause significant losses in yields of this crop. Galéga orientális Lam. is an extremely promising crop for cultivation, but unfortunately it remains unpopular in the farms of Vinnytsia region and Ukraine as a whole because of the difficulties to get a good harvest, which depends on the ability of the Galéga orientális Lam. to enter into symbiosis with nodule bacteria. And phytopathogenic fungi cause a significant detrimental effect to the Galéga orientális Lam., their pathogenic effect prevents the effective operation of this symbiosis. The mechanism of pathogenic action of phytopathogenic fungi is based on the disturbance of trophic chains and when they penetrate into the host plant they become acceptors of plant assimilates, creating their deficiency, and they are also able to release toxins and numerous enzymes that destroy hydrocarbon polymers of cell walls. A negative consequence of this interaction is the distortion of plant metabolism. Parenchymal and vascular lesions, necrotization of individual tissues or organs due to mycoses turns the plant to the source of the spread of fungal infection. Dead plant residues create an infectious background, contributes to the further spread of pathogens. And although the mechanisms of the pathogenic effect of different types of fungi can vary significantly, they all cause significant damage to agricultural production, reducing crop yield, its quality and shelf life. In order to obtain high-quality yields of the Galéga orientális Lam.green mass, timely control of the fungal diseases that may affect this crop along with other phytopathogenic microorganisms, leads to the decrease of its crops, reduced quality of raw materials and poor storage. Among the diseases of cultivated plants, fungi are considered the most common. In the course of our work, we have established that the main cause of the causative agents of the fungus diseases of the Galéga orientális Lam. for growing crops in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are mushrooms of the genus Alternaria, Cladosporium and Fusarium.