CARBON STOCK IN SOIL UNDER DIFFERENT FOREST FORMATIONS, CHAPECÓ, SANTA CATARINA STATE

• Main Authors: Rosiane Berenice Nicoloso Denardin, Jorge Luis Mattias, Leandro do Prado Wildner, Cristiano Nunes Nesi, André Sordi, Daniel Fernando Kolling, Fábio José Busnello, Tadeu Cerutti
• Format: Article
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 2014-03-01
• Series: Ciência Florestal
• Subjects: <i>Eucalyptus </i>sp.; <i>Ilex paraguariensis</i>; carbono do solo; quantificação de carbono
• Online Access: http://cascavel.ufsm.br/revistas/ojs-2.2.2/index.php/cienciaflorestal/article/view/13323
• ISSN: 0103-9954; 1980-5098

<p><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509810538">http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509813323</a></p>The adoption of management practices that ensure the stability of soil organic matter also maintain the stabilityor quantitative increase of carbon (C) in the lithosphere, reducing the amount of CO2 in theatmosphere. You can also minimize the losses of C to the atmosphere by using conservation practices,or using cover crops to keep the soil C stocks, and the forest cover are considered great abductionand forest systems considered large reservoirs of C. This work was performed on a property located inChapecó, Santa Catarina state, where soils were sampled from different forest formations distributedin a homogeneous soil range. The local climate is mesothermal, rainy, and the soil was characterizedas an association Cambissolo Háplico/Neossolo Litólico. The objectives were to estimate the C stocksin soils and estimate the C losses occurred due to the change of soil cover. It was evaluated soils undernatural forest (FN), of secondary stage, with a high degree of preservation; planted forest of eucalyptus(Eucalyptus saligna) (PE), with eight years of cultivation, preceded by 17 years under crop conventionaltillage; and a planted forest of herb mate (Ilex paraguariensis) (EM), with 25 years of cultivation underconventional system (cutting interval of 18 months, with removal of all waste produced and maintenanceof the ground without cover, with periodic use of herbicide - glyphosate). In each area were opened fourtrenches with 50 cm deep, where soil samples were collected in depths of: 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm,20-30 cm, 30-40 cm, and 40-50 cm, with kopeck rings. It was possible to determine the bulk density (Mgm-3), the soil volume per layer (depth) and per hectare, and the concentration of soil C in the differentstudied areas. To quantify the C stocks equal amounts of soil were used for each depth evaluated. Itwas observed higher densities of soils and under PE and EM, to FN the lowest density are explained bythe large amount of organic material and the absence of anthropogenic effects. In FN, despite the lowerbulk density, there was a greater soil content C, with 107.67 Mg C ha-1. On the soil under PE, with stock79.58 Mg C ha-1, depending on previous use (17 years under crop conventional tillage), it is assumedthat part of C has been recovered. Under EM, with stock of 47.29 Mg C ha-1, C losses were evident,with about 221 Mg CO2 ha-1 emitted from the soil. It was evident that the change in forest cover andmanagement procedures can lead to large losses of C stored. Thus, the soil under forest, or the soil-planta forest canopy, considered a major reservoir of C, can become a major source of C to the atmosphere,contributing to increased the greenhouse effect.