| Summary: | Primary gastric
lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a distinct
entity with its own histological classification. Epidemiological,
histomorphological, molecular biological and experimental
data clearly underline that infection of the gastric mucosa by Helicobacter
pylori plays an important role in both the development
and progression of MALT lymphoma. Considering the histological
grade of malignancy and dissemination (stage) of the disease as
decisive prognostic factors, and therapeutic determinants, endoscopic
bioptical diagnosis and endoscopic ultrasound are of particular
importance. In cases of localized (stage 1), low grade
lymphoma, eradication of H pylori offers a promising and fascinating
therapeutic option. Surgical resection, radiotherapy or chemotherapy,
and their combination, have proven to be effective treatment
modalities. There is a need to clarify whether operative or
conservative therapeutic strategies should be favoured in the future.
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