Adjacent segment disease in degenerative pathologies with posterior instrumentation

• Main Authors: Ana Guadalupe Ramírez Olvera, Manuel Villarreal Arroyo, Luis Mario Hinojosa Martínez, Enrique Méndez Pérez, Luis Romeo Ramos Hinojosa
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Coluna (SBC) 2015-03-01
• Series: Coluna/Columna
• Subjects: Enfermedades de la columna vertebral; Fusión vertebral; Artrodesis
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1808-18512015000100023&lng=en&tlng=en

OBJECTIVE: To establish the real incidence of adjacent segment disease after fusion, and to identify the levels and predisposing factors for the pathology, as well as the functional results. METHODS: a retrospective case series study with level of evidence IIB, in a sample of 179 patients diagnosed with stenosis of the lumbar spine, spondylolisthesis and degenerative scoliosis, submitted to surgery in the period 2005 to December 2013, with posterior instrumentation and posterolateral fusion, with follow-up from 2007 until May 2014, in which the symptomology and radiographic findings were evaluated, to establish the diagnosis and treatment. RESULTS: the study included 179 patients diagnosed with stenosis of the lumbar spine (n=116), isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis (n=50) and degenerative scoliosis (n=13); during the study, 20 cases of adjacent level segment were identified, 80% of which were treated surgically with extension of the instrumentation, while 20% were treated conservatively with NSAIDs and therapeutic blocks. CONCLUSION: An incidence of 11% was found, with an average of 3.25 years in diagnosis and treatment, a prevalence of females and diagnosis of stenosis of the lumbar canal on posterior instrumentation, a predominance of levels L4-L5; 80% were treated with extension of the instrumentation. The complications were persistent radiculopathy, infection of the surgical wound, and one death due to causes not related to the lumbar pathology.