Constitutive and Induced Expression of Total Phenol and Phenol Oxidases in Wheat Genotypes Ranging in Resistance/Susceptibility to the Root-Lesion Nematode <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>

Plant-derived phenolic compounds contribute to the defense against various pathogens, including root-lesion nematodes (<i>Pratylenchus</i> spp.). However, there are no reports on the role of phenolic compounds in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) against <i>Pratylenchus...

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Main Authors: Md Motiur Rahaman, Rebecca S. Zwart, John P. Thompson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-04-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/485
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spelling doaj-3a416dcaf66d41f5b41b6d302e3cc7412020-11-25T02:23:52ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-04-01948548510.3390/plants9040485Constitutive and Induced Expression of Total Phenol and Phenol Oxidases in Wheat Genotypes Ranging in Resistance/Susceptibility to the Root-Lesion Nematode <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>Md Motiur Rahaman0Rebecca S. Zwart1John P. Thompson2University of Southern Queensland, Centre for Crop Health, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, AustraliaUniversity of Southern Queensland, Centre for Crop Health, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, AustraliaUniversity of Southern Queensland, Centre for Crop Health, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, AustraliaPlant-derived phenolic compounds contribute to the defense against various pathogens, including root-lesion nematodes (<i>Pratylenchus</i> spp.). However, there are no reports on the role of phenolic compounds in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) against <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>. In this study, wheat genotypes ranging from resistant to very susceptible to <i>P. thornei </i>were used to investigate the level of total phenols and phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) expressed in root tissues when grown in the presence and absence of <i>P. thornei</i> over time (2–8 weeks). Higher constitutive levels of total phenols were found in resistant synthetic hexaploid wheats CPI133872 (576 µg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g root) and CPI133859 (518 µg GAE/g root) at 8 weeks after sowing, compared with moderately resistant and susceptible genotypes (192 to 390 µg GAE/g root). The activity of PPO was induced in resistant (CPI133872) and moderately resistant (GS50a and its derivate QT8343) genotypes, becoming maximal at 4 weeks after <i>P. thornei</i> inoculation. The activity of POD was induced in CPI133872 at 6 weeks after <i>P. thornei</i> inoculation. Different genetic sources of resistance to <i>P. thornei</i> showed diverse defense mechanisms and differences in timing responses. The combined effects of total phenols and oxidative enzymes could be important for defense against <i>P. thornei</i> in some resistant wheat genotypes.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/485<i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>wheatresistancedefense responseplant phenolspolyphenol oxidase
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Md Motiur Rahaman
Rebecca S. Zwart
John P. Thompson
spellingShingle Md Motiur Rahaman
Rebecca S. Zwart
John P. Thompson
Constitutive and Induced Expression of Total Phenol and Phenol Oxidases in Wheat Genotypes Ranging in Resistance/Susceptibility to the Root-Lesion Nematode <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>
Plants
<i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>
wheat
resistance
defense response
plant phenols
polyphenol oxidase
author_facet Md Motiur Rahaman
Rebecca S. Zwart
John P. Thompson
author_sort Md Motiur Rahaman
title Constitutive and Induced Expression of Total Phenol and Phenol Oxidases in Wheat Genotypes Ranging in Resistance/Susceptibility to the Root-Lesion Nematode <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>
title_short Constitutive and Induced Expression of Total Phenol and Phenol Oxidases in Wheat Genotypes Ranging in Resistance/Susceptibility to the Root-Lesion Nematode <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>
title_full Constitutive and Induced Expression of Total Phenol and Phenol Oxidases in Wheat Genotypes Ranging in Resistance/Susceptibility to the Root-Lesion Nematode <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>
title_fullStr Constitutive and Induced Expression of Total Phenol and Phenol Oxidases in Wheat Genotypes Ranging in Resistance/Susceptibility to the Root-Lesion Nematode <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>
title_full_unstemmed Constitutive and Induced Expression of Total Phenol and Phenol Oxidases in Wheat Genotypes Ranging in Resistance/Susceptibility to the Root-Lesion Nematode <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>
title_sort constitutive and induced expression of total phenol and phenol oxidases in wheat genotypes ranging in resistance/susceptibility to the root-lesion nematode <i>pratylenchus thornei</i>
publisher MDPI AG
series Plants
issn 2223-7747
publishDate 2020-04-01
description Plant-derived phenolic compounds contribute to the defense against various pathogens, including root-lesion nematodes (<i>Pratylenchus</i> spp.). However, there are no reports on the role of phenolic compounds in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) against <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>. In this study, wheat genotypes ranging from resistant to very susceptible to <i>P. thornei </i>were used to investigate the level of total phenols and phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) expressed in root tissues when grown in the presence and absence of <i>P. thornei</i> over time (2–8 weeks). Higher constitutive levels of total phenols were found in resistant synthetic hexaploid wheats CPI133872 (576 µg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g root) and CPI133859 (518 µg GAE/g root) at 8 weeks after sowing, compared with moderately resistant and susceptible genotypes (192 to 390 µg GAE/g root). The activity of PPO was induced in resistant (CPI133872) and moderately resistant (GS50a and its derivate QT8343) genotypes, becoming maximal at 4 weeks after <i>P. thornei</i> inoculation. The activity of POD was induced in CPI133872 at 6 weeks after <i>P. thornei</i> inoculation. Different genetic sources of resistance to <i>P. thornei</i> showed diverse defense mechanisms and differences in timing responses. The combined effects of total phenols and oxidative enzymes could be important for defense against <i>P. thornei</i> in some resistant wheat genotypes.
topic <i>Pratylenchus thornei</i>
wheat
resistance
defense response
plant phenols
polyphenol oxidase
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/485
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