| Summary: | The subject matter of the article is the physicochemical processes occurring in a battery under different conditions and operating times. The goal of the study is to develop, a methodology for estimating the residual life-span of the batteries to make recommendations on the extension of their service life on the basis of an analysis of the conditions of use of the batteries. The tasks to be solved are: to analyze the influence of starter battery conditions on their performance and service life; to analyze the existing methods of determining the residual life of the batteries; to study the dependences of the deviation of the impedance from the standard value for the batteries at different moments of their normal life and to develop a method for predicting the residual life of the rechargeable batteries (RB). General scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge are used. The following results are obtained. On the basis of the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter when switching on the battaries in the circuit at different load values and according to the data obtained during the control-training cycle (CTC), the dependence of the impedance deviation from the base value at different regular battery life was investigated. According to the proposed method, it is easy to determine in which batteries the degradation has just begun and in which they have reached the level when they need to be replaced without waiting for a fatal failure, by obtaining a minimum number of values of the electric parameters of the battery and comparing the data obtained at different times. Proper selection of chargers, skilled operation and timely monitoring of battary's residual life are the most important requirements for their operation. In full-time batteries, the internal resistance begins to increase over time due to natural wear and tear. Significant deviation from the norm in the smaller side indicates a clear malfunction such a battery must be replaced regardless of its useful life. When the deviation from the baseline exceeds 25%, it is time to replace the battery. The conducted studies revealed nonlinear relationships between the battery life and its predicted residual life. Conclusions. Ensuring that the equipment is ready for use depends largely on the state of the RB. The greatest impact on the performance and life of the batteries is due to the temperature conditions, the degree of sparseness of the batteries on the machine and the level of charging voltages on the network. In the actual operating conditions of the RB, there is a need to assess their technical condition, disassemble them for troubleshooting, maintain their availability and extend their service life. RB degradation is reflected in the internal support of the battery cells. Determining the internal resistance of the RB is based on the Ohm dependencies of the complete circle and reduces to a system of two equations. RB life can be considered one of its most important performance characteristics. The relationship between battery life and its estimated residual service life is nonlinear. Proper selection of chargers, skilled operation and timely monitoring of RB's residual life are the most important requirements for their operation.
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