Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX

Nerve agents with low volatility such as VX are primarily absorbed through the skin when released during combat or a terrorist attack. The barrier function of the stratum corneum may be compromised during certain stages of development, allowing VX to more easily penetrate through the skin. However,...

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Main Authors:	Linnzi K.M. Wright, Robyn B. Lee, Edward D. Clarkson, Lucille A. Lumley
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2016-01-01
Series:	Toxicology Reports
Online Access:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750015300925

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spelling	doaj-3834084d687945afa1cc714650a7de072020-11-25T01:21:17ZengElsevierToxicology Reports2214-75002016-01-013895899Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VXLinnzi K.M. Wright0Robyn B. Lee1Edward D. Clarkson2Lucille A. Lumley3US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA; Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USAUS Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USAUS Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USAUS Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA; Corresponding author. Fax: +1 410 436 8377.Nerve agents with low volatility such as VX are primarily absorbed through the skin when released during combat or a terrorist attack. The barrier function of the stratum corneum may be compromised during certain stages of development, allowing VX to more easily penetrate through the skin. However, age-related differences in the lethal potency of VX have yet to be evaluated using the percutaneous (pc) route of exposure. Thus, we estimated the 24 and 48 h median lethal dose for pc exposure to VX in male and female rats during puberty and early adulthood. Pubescent, female rats were less susceptible than both their male and adult counterparts to the lethal effects associated with pc exposure to VX possibly because of hormonal changes during that stage of development. This study emphasizes the need to control for both age and sex when evaluating the toxicological effects associated with nerve agent exposure in the rat model. Keywords: Median lethal dose, Nerve agent, Percutaneous, Puberty, Rat, VXhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750015300925
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Linnzi K.M. Wright Robyn B. Lee Edward D. Clarkson Lucille A. Lumley
spellingShingle	Linnzi K.M. Wright Robyn B. Lee Edward D. Clarkson Lucille A. Lumley Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX Toxicology Reports
author_facet	Linnzi K.M. Wright Robyn B. Lee Edward D. Clarkson Lucille A. Lumley
author_sort	Linnzi K.M. Wright
title	Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX
title_short	Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX
title_full	Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX
title_fullStr	Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX
title_full_unstemmed	Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX
title_sort	female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to vx
publisher	Elsevier
series	Toxicology Reports
issn	2214-7500
publishDate	2016-01-01
description	Nerve agents with low volatility such as VX are primarily absorbed through the skin when released during combat or a terrorist attack. The barrier function of the stratum corneum may be compromised during certain stages of development, allowing VX to more easily penetrate through the skin. However, age-related differences in the lethal potency of VX have yet to be evaluated using the percutaneous (pc) route of exposure. Thus, we estimated the 24 and 48 h median lethal dose for pc exposure to VX in male and female rats during puberty and early adulthood. Pubescent, female rats were less susceptible than both their male and adult counterparts to the lethal effects associated with pc exposure to VX possibly because of hormonal changes during that stage of development. This study emphasizes the need to control for both age and sex when evaluating the toxicological effects associated with nerve agent exposure in the rat model. Keywords: Median lethal dose, Nerve agent, Percutaneous, Puberty, Rat, VX
url	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750015300925
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Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX

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