Sphingolipids and Brain Resident Macrophages in Neuroinflammation: An Emerging Aspect of Nervous System Pathology

Sphingolipid metabolism is deeply regulated along the differentiation and development of the central nervous system (CNS), and the expression of a peculiar spatially and temporarily regulated sphingolipid pattern is essential for the maintenance of the functional integrity of the nervous system. Mic...

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Main Authors: Emma Assi, Denise Cazzato, Clara De Palma, Cristiana Perrotta, Emilio Clementi, Davide Cervia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2013-01-01
Series:Clinical and Developmental Immunology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/309302
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spelling doaj-37cce1913ab34970bd5a77ce19f1dfb52020-11-24T23:11:21ZengHindawi LimitedClinical and Developmental Immunology1740-25221740-25302013-01-01201310.1155/2013/309302309302Sphingolipids and Brain Resident Macrophages in Neuroinflammation: An Emerging Aspect of Nervous System PathologyEmma Assi0Denise Cazzato1Clara De Palma2Cristiana Perrotta3Emilio Clementi4Davide Cervia5Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, “Luigi Sacco” University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, ItalySphingolipid metabolism is deeply regulated along the differentiation and development of the central nervous system (CNS), and the expression of a peculiar spatially and temporarily regulated sphingolipid pattern is essential for the maintenance of the functional integrity of the nervous system. Microglia are resident macrophages of the CNS involved in general maintenance of neural environment. Modulations in microglia phenotypes may contribute to pathogenic forms of inflammation. Since defects in macrophage/microglia activity contribute to neurodegenerative diseases, it will be essential to systematically identify the components of the microglial cell response that contribute to disease progression. In such complex processes, the sphingolipid systems have recently emerged to play important roles, thus appearing as a key new player in CNS disorders. This review provides a rationale for harnessing the sphingolipid metabolic pathway as a potential target against neuroinflammation.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/309302
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Emma Assi
Denise Cazzato
Clara De Palma
Cristiana Perrotta
Emilio Clementi
Davide Cervia
spellingShingle Emma Assi
Denise Cazzato
Clara De Palma
Cristiana Perrotta
Emilio Clementi
Davide Cervia
Sphingolipids and Brain Resident Macrophages in Neuroinflammation: An Emerging Aspect of Nervous System Pathology
Clinical and Developmental Immunology
author_facet Emma Assi
Denise Cazzato
Clara De Palma
Cristiana Perrotta
Emilio Clementi
Davide Cervia
author_sort Emma Assi
title Sphingolipids and Brain Resident Macrophages in Neuroinflammation: An Emerging Aspect of Nervous System Pathology
title_short Sphingolipids and Brain Resident Macrophages in Neuroinflammation: An Emerging Aspect of Nervous System Pathology
title_full Sphingolipids and Brain Resident Macrophages in Neuroinflammation: An Emerging Aspect of Nervous System Pathology
title_fullStr Sphingolipids and Brain Resident Macrophages in Neuroinflammation: An Emerging Aspect of Nervous System Pathology
title_full_unstemmed Sphingolipids and Brain Resident Macrophages in Neuroinflammation: An Emerging Aspect of Nervous System Pathology
title_sort sphingolipids and brain resident macrophages in neuroinflammation: an emerging aspect of nervous system pathology
publisher Hindawi Limited
series Clinical and Developmental Immunology
issn 1740-2522
1740-2530
publishDate 2013-01-01
description Sphingolipid metabolism is deeply regulated along the differentiation and development of the central nervous system (CNS), and the expression of a peculiar spatially and temporarily regulated sphingolipid pattern is essential for the maintenance of the functional integrity of the nervous system. Microglia are resident macrophages of the CNS involved in general maintenance of neural environment. Modulations in microglia phenotypes may contribute to pathogenic forms of inflammation. Since defects in macrophage/microglia activity contribute to neurodegenerative diseases, it will be essential to systematically identify the components of the microglial cell response that contribute to disease progression. In such complex processes, the sphingolipid systems have recently emerged to play important roles, thus appearing as a key new player in CNS disorders. This review provides a rationale for harnessing the sphingolipid metabolic pathway as a potential target against neuroinflammation.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/309302
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