Anti-hyperlipidemic effect of oils from Sesamum indicum L. and Vicia faba L. on male Wistar rats

• Main Authors: Holima Khatun, Koushik Das, Dilip Kumar Nandi, Jayasree Laha, J. Sreenivasa Rao, Atiskumar Chattopadhyay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2021-12-01
• Series: Future Foods
• Subjects: Sesame oil; Vicia faba oil; Physicochemical properties; Fatty acid profile; Hypolipidemic activity
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666833521000502

This work evaluates the physicochemical properties and fatty acids profile of Sesamum indicum (SSiO) and Vicia faba (SVfO) seed oils, and studies the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the composite oil (CO) of the seed oils in high lipid diet (HLD) induced male Wistar rats. To investigate the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the CO, the rats were randomly assigned into six groups: group-I (control), group-II (HLD), group-III (HLD+CO-100 mg/kg), group-IV (HLD+CO-200 mg/kg), group-V (HLD+CO-400 mg/kg), and group-VI (HLD+atorvastatin-10 mg/kg). We found that the SSiO contained highest proportion of total polyunsaturated fatty acid (42.18%) and lowest proportion of total saturated fatty acid (16.21%), while the SVfO reflected highest total monounsaturated fatty acid (49.48%). In addition, the SSiO contained a high amount of oleic (41.30%) and linoleic acid (41.92%), whereas the SVfO contained a high amount of eicosenoic acid (44.26%). The administration of all the CO doses demonstrated a significant decrease in triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein-B, and malondialdehyde, and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein-A1, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels. The CO was also effective in histopathological changes in adipose tissue. The promising findings indicate that the CO has potential utility as a natural supplement and functional food to prevent hyperlipidemia.