The Influence of Plant Material Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Extraction Conditions on the Polyphenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts: A Green and Efficient Approach

• Main Authors: Aneta Krakowska-Sieprawska, Katarzyna Rafińska, Justyna Walczak-Skierska, Bogusław Buszewski
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-04-01
• Series: Molecules
• Subjects: enzyme assisted-supercritical fluid extraction; phenolic compounds; flavonoids; antioxidant activity; high performance liquid chromatography
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/9/2074

The aim of this study was to develop a new comprehensive extraction protocol based on green technology for the enhanced release of polyphenolic compounds from plant cells. In this work, extracts from yerba mate and yellow lupine seed were obtained by using three different extraction techniques: maceration, supercritical fluid extraction with co-solvent (SFE) and enzyme assisted-supercritical fluid extraction with co-solvent (EA-SFE). Several experimental parameters such as time, type of solvent and co-solvent as well as CO₂ flow rate were selected to obtain the highest extraction efficiency. The chemical profiles in the obtained extracts and their biological activity were evaluated. HPLC-MS/MS analysis indicated that the level of phenolic compounds in extracts from yerba mate obtained by EA-SFE was approximately five times higher than for maceration and 3.2 times higher than for SFE. In the case of extracts from yellow lupine seed an approximately 5.6-fold increase was observed in comparison with maceration and SFE with 96% MeOH, and 2.9 times for SFE with 96% EtOH. The developed protocol with a mix of enzymes commonly applied in the agricultural industry significantly raises the efficiency of liberation of secondary metabolites.