Parkinsonism and chronic manganese exposure: Pilot study with clinical, environmental and experimental evidence

• Main Authors: Najib Kissini, Yahya Naji, Yassine Mebrouk, Mohamed Chraa, Abderrazzak Ghanima
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2020-01-01
• Series: Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
• Subjects: Parkinsonism; Manganese; Chronic exposure; Toxicological samples
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590112520300256

Parkinsonism related to chronic Manganese exposure is notably due to focal lesions of the basal ganglia. Our study focused on epidemiological, clinical, toxicological and experimental aspects of Manganese-induced Parkinsonism in south of Morocco. It is a prospective study concerning the workers and the residents bordering on the 2 mines in the south of Morocco. The results of the study concerned 120 cases divided into 4 groups of patients: G1: 30 cases exposed to different incriminated toxic products, which present Parkinsonian signs, G2: 30 cases healthy and exposed, G3: 30 cases affected with Idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and G4: 30 cases healthy and unexposed (controls).The results from the first mine show that 5.7% of the sample developed Manganese-Induced Parkinsonism and this percentage is slightly higher (4.5%) than the second mine site. Chemical and biological analysis revealed high levels of Manganese. The majority of patients did not improve the clinical signs under L-dopa treatment. The authors underline the gravity of Manganese-induced Parkinsonism and propose a listing of the various exposures as well as a cartography of the regions of risk in Morocco.