Comparative Investigation of Frankincense Nutraceuticals: Correlation of Boswellic and Lupeolic Acid Contents with Cytokine Release Inhibition and Toxicity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
For centuries, frankincense extracts have been commonly used in traditional medicine, and more recently, in complementary medicine. Therefore, frankincense constituents such as boswellic and lupeolic acids are of considerable therapeutic interest. Sixteen frankincense nutraceuticals were characteriz...
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doaj-34b051a4428a4d39ad0bb310bc350df42020-11-25T01:27:36ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432019-10-011110234110.3390/nu11102341nu11102341Comparative Investigation of Frankincense Nutraceuticals: Correlation of Boswellic and Lupeolic Acid Contents with Cytokine Release Inhibition and Toxicity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer CellsMichael Schmiech0Sophia J. Lang1Judith Ulrich2Katharina Werner3Luay J. Rashan4Tatiana Syrovets5Thomas Simmet6Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, GermanyMedicinal Plants Division, Research Center, Dhofar University, Salalah 211, OmanInstitute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, GermanyFor centuries, frankincense extracts have been commonly used in traditional medicine, and more recently, in complementary medicine. Therefore, frankincense constituents such as boswellic and lupeolic acids are of considerable therapeutic interest. Sixteen frankincense nutraceuticals were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), revealing major differences in boswellic and lupeolic acid compositions and total contents, which varied from 0.4% to 35.7%. Frankincense nutraceuticals significantly inhibited the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, by LPS-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and whole blood. Moreover, boswellic and lupeolic acid contents correlated with TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 inhibition. The nutraceuticals also exhibited toxicity against the human triple-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, and CAL-51 in vitro. Nutraceuticals with total contents of boswellic and lupeolic acids >30% were the most active ones against MDA-MB-231 with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) ≤ 7.0 µg/mL. Moreover, a frankincense nutraceutical inhibited tumor growth and induced apoptosis in vivo in breast cancer xenografts grown on the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Among eight different boswellic and lupeolic acids tested, β-ABA exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 with an IC<sub>50</sub> = 5.9 µM, inhibited growth of cancer xenografts in vivo, and released proinflammatory cytokines. Its content in nutraceuticals correlated strongly with TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 release inhibition.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/10/2341frankincense<i>boswellia</i>boswellic acidlupeolic acidakbacytokinebreast cancerpentacyclic triterpenic acidtriterpenoidchorioallantoic membrane assay |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Michael Schmiech Sophia J. Lang Judith Ulrich Katharina Werner Luay J. Rashan Tatiana Syrovets Thomas Simmet |
spellingShingle |
Michael Schmiech Sophia J. Lang Judith Ulrich Katharina Werner Luay J. Rashan Tatiana Syrovets Thomas Simmet Comparative Investigation of Frankincense Nutraceuticals: Correlation of Boswellic and Lupeolic Acid Contents with Cytokine Release Inhibition and Toxicity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Nutrients frankincense <i>boswellia</i> boswellic acid lupeolic acid akba cytokine breast cancer pentacyclic triterpenic acid triterpenoid chorioallantoic membrane assay |
author_facet |
Michael Schmiech Sophia J. Lang Judith Ulrich Katharina Werner Luay J. Rashan Tatiana Syrovets Thomas Simmet |
author_sort |
Michael Schmiech |
title |
Comparative Investigation of Frankincense Nutraceuticals: Correlation of Boswellic and Lupeolic Acid Contents with Cytokine Release Inhibition and Toxicity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
title_short |
Comparative Investigation of Frankincense Nutraceuticals: Correlation of Boswellic and Lupeolic Acid Contents with Cytokine Release Inhibition and Toxicity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
title_full |
Comparative Investigation of Frankincense Nutraceuticals: Correlation of Boswellic and Lupeolic Acid Contents with Cytokine Release Inhibition and Toxicity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
title_fullStr |
Comparative Investigation of Frankincense Nutraceuticals: Correlation of Boswellic and Lupeolic Acid Contents with Cytokine Release Inhibition and Toxicity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparative Investigation of Frankincense Nutraceuticals: Correlation of Boswellic and Lupeolic Acid Contents with Cytokine Release Inhibition and Toxicity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
title_sort |
comparative investigation of frankincense nutraceuticals: correlation of boswellic and lupeolic acid contents with cytokine release inhibition and toxicity against triple-negative breast cancer cells |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
For centuries, frankincense extracts have been commonly used in traditional medicine, and more recently, in complementary medicine. Therefore, frankincense constituents such as boswellic and lupeolic acids are of considerable therapeutic interest. Sixteen frankincense nutraceuticals were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), revealing major differences in boswellic and lupeolic acid compositions and total contents, which varied from 0.4% to 35.7%. Frankincense nutraceuticals significantly inhibited the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, by LPS-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and whole blood. Moreover, boswellic and lupeolic acid contents correlated with TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 inhibition. The nutraceuticals also exhibited toxicity against the human triple-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, and CAL-51 in vitro. Nutraceuticals with total contents of boswellic and lupeolic acids >30% were the most active ones against MDA-MB-231 with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) ≤ 7.0 µg/mL. Moreover, a frankincense nutraceutical inhibited tumor growth and induced apoptosis in vivo in breast cancer xenografts grown on the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Among eight different boswellic and lupeolic acids tested, β-ABA exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 with an IC<sub>50</sub> = 5.9 µM, inhibited growth of cancer xenografts in vivo, and released proinflammatory cytokines. Its content in nutraceuticals correlated strongly with TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 release inhibition. |
topic |
frankincense <i>boswellia</i> boswellic acid lupeolic acid akba cytokine breast cancer pentacyclic triterpenic acid triterpenoid chorioallantoic membrane assay |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/10/2341 |
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