Epilepsy in Sturge-Weber syndrome: a literature review and description of a clinical case

• Main Authors: N. I. Shova, V. A. Mikhailov, S. A. Korovina, D. V. Alekseeva
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: IRBIS LLC 2020-04-01
• Series: Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния
• Subjects: sturge-weber syndrome; epilepsy; phacomatosis; transient ischemic attack; clinical case
• Online Access: https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/520

The Struge-Weber syndrome is the third most common neurodermal disease after neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis. This disease is not inherited, but occurs exclusively sporadically, both in men and in women, and in all races and ethnic groups. In 90% of cases, this syndrome is diagnosed in pediatric practice. Adult cases of this syndrome are sporadic, since they remain unrecognized due to the polymorphism of this disease. Comorbidity between epilepsy and the Sturge-Weber syndrome was noted.Aim. To conduct a literature analysis and describe the clinical observation of epilepsy with the Sturge-Weber syndrome.Materials and methods. Patient M., 50 years old has been observed for a long time due to complaints on episodes of numbness according to the hematotype with transient paresis. The examination (MRI) revealed changes characteristic for Sturge-Weber syndrome. The presence of specific paroxysmal changes according to the results of electroencephalography helped to verify the genesis of paroxysmal conditions.Results. The patient underwent a comprehensive examination. As a result, the diagnosis of epilepsy was verified. The prescription of adequate antiepileptic therapy allowed for stabilization and jugulation of epileptic seizures.Conclusion. In this clinical observation, we focus on the differential diagnosis between transient ischemic attack and epilepsy. Unfortunately, at the moment, adults with a previously undetectable syndrome undergo multiple hospitalizations and do not receive antiepileptic therapy, since the prior disease (epilepsy) is not verified.