GLUT-1 siRNA Enhances Radiosensitization Of Laryngeal Cancer Stem Cells Via Enhanced DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Redistribution, And Promotion Of Apoptosis In Vitro And In Vivo

• Main Authors: Zhong JT, Yu Q, Zhou SH, Yu E, Bao YY, Lu ZJ, Fan J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2019-11-01
• Series: OncoTargets and Therapy
• Subjects: glucose transporter-1; small interfering rna; laryngeal cancer stem cells; radioresistance; dna double-strand break
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/glut-1-sirna-enhances-radiosensitization-of-laryngeal-cancer-stem-cell-peer-reviewed-article-OTT
• ISSN: 1178-6930

Jiang-Tao Zhong,1 Qi Yu,1 Shui-Hong Zhou,1 Er Yu,1 Yang-Yang Bao,1 Zhong-Jie Lu,2 Jun Fan3 1Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People’s Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shui-Hong ZhouDepartment of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, People’s Republic of ChinaTel [phone]Fax [phone]Email [e-mail]: Radiotherapy does not show good efficacy against laryngeal cancer due to radioresistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered among the causes of radioresistance. Inhibition of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) using GLUT-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) may enhance the radiosensitivity of laryngeal cancer cells, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear.Methods: The CD133+-Hep-2R cell line was established with repeated irradiation and magnetic-activated cell sorting. The effects of irradiation on CD133+-Hep-2R cells were examined by CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blotting. The effects of GLUT-1 siRNA on the radiosensitivity of CD133+-Hep-2/2R cells were examined by RT-PCR, Western blotting, CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, and Transwell assay in vitro and in a xenograft tumor model in nude mice. The cellular mechanism of enhanced radiosensitivity associated with GLUT-1 siRNA was investigated. The cell cycle and apoptosis rate were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the repair capability was examined by determining the levels of RAD51 and DNA-PKcs.Results: CD133+-Hep-2/2R cells showed stronger proliferation, lower apoptosis rate, lower percentage of G0/G1 phase cells, higher percentages of S and G2/M phase cells, and higher expression levels of GLUT-1 than Hep-2/2R cells. Transfection with GLUT-1 siRNA inhibited the proliferation and invasive capability of CD133+-Hep-2R cells by inhibiting GLUT-1 expression, which also caused a redistribution of the cell cycle (higher proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase and lower proportion in the S and G2/M phases), increased the apoptosis rate, and reduced DNA repair capability by suppressing RAD51 and DNA-PKcs expression.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that GLUT-1 siRNA can enhance the radiosensitivity of CD133+-Hep-2R cells by inducing a redistribution of cell cycle phases, inhibiting DNA repair capability, and increasing apoptosis. Inhibition of GLUT-1 may have therapeutic potential for interventions to increase the radiosensitivity of laryngeal CSCs.Keywords: glucose transporter-1, small interfering RNA, laryngeal cancer stem cells, radioresistance, DNA double-strand break