A COLONIZAÇÃO EM MATO GROSSO COMO “PORTÃO DE ESCAPE” PARA A CRISE AGRÁRIA NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

• Main Author: João Carlos Barrozo
• Format: Article
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco 2014-12-01
• Series: Clio: Revista de Pesquisa Histórica
• Subjects: Agricultural and agrarian crisis; migration; colonization
• Online Access: https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/revistaclio/article/view/24521/19813

In the 50’s the majority of the Brazilian population used to live in the countryside, facing a material and cultural poverty situation. The large properties’ laborers, with no labors’ rights, underwent to an extreme exploitation. In this period the laborers and peasants began to gather themselves together, creating unions. In some places conflicts arose due to labors’ rights and land hold. By the end of the 50’s and during the 60’s, many farmland rebellions hatched in Capanema – Paraná, Fomoso – Goiás, Porecatu – Paraná, Ligas Camponenas in Pernambuco. In 1963, countering the agrarian elite, the government announced the “Estatuto da Terra”. The big landholders responded expelling settlers, dwellers and aggregates. The promulgation of the “Estatuto da Terra”, propounded to vanish the unproductive estates and join small landholdings. This measurement affected the small landholding settlers from the South (RS and SC) causing a great migration to Mato Grosso and Rondônia, where the Government and private businessman established many colonization programs. Therefore the modernization of the agriculture in the South was enabled, and the occupation in large areas on Mato Grosso’s and Rondônia’s borders.