Respiratory Strategies and Airway Management in Patients with Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: A Review
Background. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare disorder characterized by a large accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material within the alveoli. This causes respiratory failure due to a restriction of gas exchange and changes in the ventilation/perfusion ratio. Treatment methods inclu...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Hindawi Limited
2015-01-01
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| Series: | BioMed Research International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/639543 |
| Summary: | Background. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare disorder characterized by a large accumulation of
lipoproteinaceous material within the alveoli. This causes respiratory failure due to a restriction of gas exchange and changes in the
ventilation/perfusion ratio. Treatment methods include noninvasive pharmacological approaches and invasive procedures, such as whole-lung
lavage under general anesthesia. Methods. Based on the literature search using free-term key words,
we have analyzed published articles concerning the perioperative management of adult and pediatric patients with pulmonary alveolar
proteinosis. Results and Discussion. In total, 184 publications were analyzed. Only a few manuscripts were related to anesthetic,
respiratory, and airway management in patients suffering from pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Airway should be strictly separated using
a double-lumen tube. Respiratory strategies involve the use of manual clapping, continuous positive airway pressure,
high-frequency jet ventilation of the affected lung, and employment of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
in the most serious of cases. Conclusion. The goal of this review is to summarize the current published
information about an anesthetic management strategy with a focus on airway management, ventilation, and oxygenation techniques
in PAP patients. |
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| ISSN: | 2314-6133 2314-6141 |