| Summary: | <p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The aim of this present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 12.5% propolis, 25% propolis, octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) on microorganisms with different structural characteristics.</p> <p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>E. faecalis</em>, <em>E. coli</em><em> </em>and <em>C. albicans</em> were included in the study. Pre-sterilized paper discs (6 mm in diameter) were soaked with the test solutions and placed on the plates, following Muller-Hinton agar plates were inoculated with the microbial suspensions. Then zones of inhibition were recorded and the results were analysed statistically. 2.5% NaOCl, 2% CHX and OCT produced inhibitory zones against all microorganisms tested. Statistical analysis was carried out with analyses of variance (ANOVA). Differences were identified by post-hoc Bonferroni test. The level of significance was set at p=0.05.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> NaCl was ineffective against all microorganisms; however, 2.5% NaOCl, 2% CHX and OCT produced inhibitory zones against all microorganisms tested. 2.5% NaOCl and 2% CHX showed significantly larger average zones of inhibition compared to the other experimental irrigants (p&lt;0.05). While 12.5% propolis extract produced only slight inhibition on <em>S. aureus,</em> 25% propolis extract was effective on <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>E. faecalis</em> and <em>C. albicans</em>.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The present study showed that 2.5% NaOCl and 2% chlorhexidine had superior antimicrobial effects than other irrigants used.</p> <p><strong>Key words:</strong> Chlorhexidine, microorganisms, sodium hypochlorite, octenidine dihydrochloride, propolis.</p> <p> </p>
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