Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study

Abstract Background Facial esthetics is a major concern of orthodontic patients. This study aims to evaluate orthodontic treatment-related thickness changes of the masseter muscles and surrounding soft tissues and the potential factors that would influence these changes during orthodontic treatment...

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Main Authors: Yichen Pan, Si Chen, Linhui Shen, Yuru Pei, Yungeng Zhang, Tianmin Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2020-06-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-020-01168-6
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spelling doaj-2f36338bd39147efad8e45fdc3524a8b2020-11-25T03:17:31ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312020-06-0120111010.1186/s12903-020-01168-6Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective studyYichen Pan0Si Chen1Linhui Shen2Yuru Pei3Yungeng Zhang4Tianmin Xu5Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyThird Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyKey Laboratory of Machine Perception (MOE), Department of Machine Intelligence, Peking UniversityKey Laboratory of Machine Perception (MOE), Department of Machine Intelligence, Peking UniversityDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyAbstract Background Facial esthetics is a major concern of orthodontic patients. This study aims to evaluate orthodontic treatment-related thickness changes of the masseter muscles and surrounding soft tissues and the potential factors that would influence these changes during orthodontic treatment in female adults. Methods Forty-two female adult patients were included in this retrospective study and were divided into extraction (n = 22) and nonextraction (n = 20) groups. Pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were superimposed and reconstructed. The thickness changes of the masseter area of facial soft tissue (MAS), masseter muscles (MM) and surrounding fat tissue (FT) were measured. Pretreatment age, treatment duration, sagittal relationship (ANB), and vertical relationship (Frankfort-mandibular plane angle, FMA)-related MAS, MM and FT changes were compared between extraction and nonextraction groups. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was calculated between the above variables. Regression analysis was conducted to confirm the causal relations of the variables. Results The thickness of MAS and MM significantly decreased in both groups, with larger decreases (> 1 mm) in the extraction group. There were strong correlations (r > 0.7) between the thickness decrease in MAS and MM in both groups and moderate correlations (r > 0.4) between MAS and FT in the nonextraction group. A significantly greater decrease of MAS and MM were found to be moderately correlated with a smaller FMA (r > 0.4) in the extraction group. Scatter plots and regression analysis confirmed these correlations. Conclusions Masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissue exhibited a significant decrease in thickness during orthodontic treatment in female adults. Low-angle patients experienced a greater decrease in soft tissue thickness in the masseter area in the extraction case. But the thickness changes were clinically very small in most patients.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-020-01168-6Masseter musclesCBCTMachine learningComputer-assisted image processing
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Yichen Pan
Si Chen
Linhui Shen
Yuru Pei
Yungeng Zhang
Tianmin Xu
spellingShingle Yichen Pan
Si Chen
Linhui Shen
Yuru Pei
Yungeng Zhang
Tianmin Xu
Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study
BMC Oral Health
Masseter muscles
CBCT
Machine learning
Computer-assisted image processing
author_facet Yichen Pan
Si Chen
Linhui Shen
Yuru Pei
Yungeng Zhang
Tianmin Xu
author_sort Yichen Pan
title Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study
title_short Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study
title_full Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study
title_fullStr Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed Thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study
title_sort thickness change of masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissues in female patients during orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study
publisher BMC
series BMC Oral Health
issn 1472-6831
publishDate 2020-06-01
description Abstract Background Facial esthetics is a major concern of orthodontic patients. This study aims to evaluate orthodontic treatment-related thickness changes of the masseter muscles and surrounding soft tissues and the potential factors that would influence these changes during orthodontic treatment in female adults. Methods Forty-two female adult patients were included in this retrospective study and were divided into extraction (n = 22) and nonextraction (n = 20) groups. Pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were superimposed and reconstructed. The thickness changes of the masseter area of facial soft tissue (MAS), masseter muscles (MM) and surrounding fat tissue (FT) were measured. Pretreatment age, treatment duration, sagittal relationship (ANB), and vertical relationship (Frankfort-mandibular plane angle, FMA)-related MAS, MM and FT changes were compared between extraction and nonextraction groups. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was calculated between the above variables. Regression analysis was conducted to confirm the causal relations of the variables. Results The thickness of MAS and MM significantly decreased in both groups, with larger decreases (> 1 mm) in the extraction group. There were strong correlations (r > 0.7) between the thickness decrease in MAS and MM in both groups and moderate correlations (r > 0.4) between MAS and FT in the nonextraction group. A significantly greater decrease of MAS and MM were found to be moderately correlated with a smaller FMA (r > 0.4) in the extraction group. Scatter plots and regression analysis confirmed these correlations. Conclusions Masseter muscles and the surrounding soft tissue exhibited a significant decrease in thickness during orthodontic treatment in female adults. Low-angle patients experienced a greater decrease in soft tissue thickness in the masseter area in the extraction case. But the thickness changes were clinically very small in most patients.
topic Masseter muscles
CBCT
Machine learning
Computer-assisted image processing
url http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-020-01168-6
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