La professionnalisation des acteurs du patrimoine vue au travers l’évolution de l’offre de formation universitaire

• Main Authors: Florence Abrioux, Philippe Tanchoux
• Format: Article
• Language: fra
• Published: Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication 2016-09-01
• Series: In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
• Subjects: heritage jobs; university degrees; skills; professionalisation; integration; professional path
• Online Access: http://journals.openedition.org/insitu/13617

The number of university degrees preparing for heritage jobs has been considerably increasing since the 2000s, at a time when the employment in this domain is stabilizing. The imbalance between supply and demand in employment is not without consequences on the training path of the students or on their vocational integration. The young graduates observe longer training courses than their predecessors. They are more often multiqualifed (accumulation of diplomas of the same level or diplomas in different domains), overqualified (gap between the level of diploma and the type of employment) and the salary does not really match their level. A time of precariousness is regularly experienced on their way to insertion. Finally, the recruitment tends to tighten at the regional space. Today the skills used by the professionals of the heritage are characterized by their diversity. To the fundamental knowledge are associated some more specific skills (law, mediation, management, administration, etc.). The contents of Master’s degrees, including those qualified as “professionals” which represent a broad majority, are not well adapted to these needs in spite of a double competition : between Master’s degrees and between graduate students in job search. On one hand, the Master’s degrees centered on teaching the fundamentals target too particular points. On the other hand, some Master’s degrees focus on teaching the secondary skills at the expense of the basics. In this context the professionals do no longer really track down diplomas. The institutions which recruit lean more on the experience of the young graduates than on the only fame of a training course itself.