Physicochemical Characteristics and Anticoagulant Activities of the Polysaccharides from Sea Cucumber <i>Pattalus mollis</i>

• Main Authors: Wenqi Zheng, Lutan Zhou, Lisha Lin, Ying Cai, Huifang Sun, Longyan Zhao, Na Gao, Ronghua Yin, Jinhua Zhao
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2019-03-01
• Series: Marine Drugs
• Subjects: <i>Pattalus mollis</i>; fucosylated glycosaminoglycan; fucan sulfate; physicochemical characteristics; anticoagulant activities
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/17/4/198

Sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumbers possess distinct chemical structure and various biological activities. Herein, three types of polysaccharides were isolated and purified from <i>Pattalus mollis</i>, and their structures and bioactivities were analyzed. The fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (PmFG) had a CS-like backbone composed of the repeating units of {-4-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-GlcA-&#946;-1,3-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-GalNAc_4S6S-&#946;-1-}, and branches of a sulfated &#945;-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Fuc (including Fuc_2S4S, Fuc_3S4S and Fuc_4S with a molar ratio of 2:2.5:1) linked to <i>O-3</i> of each <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-GlcA. The fucan sulfate (PmFS) had a backbone consisting of a repetitively linked unit {-4-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Fuc_2S-&#945;-1-}, and interestingly, every trisaccharide unit in its backbone was branched with a sulfated &#945;-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Fuc (Fuc_4S or Fuc_3S with a molar ratio of 4:1). Apart from the sulfated polysaccharides, two neutral glycans (PmNG-1 &amp; -2) differing in molecular weight were also obtained and their structures were similar to animal glycogen. Anticoagulant assays indicated that PmFG and PmFS possessed strong APTT prolonging and intrinsic factor Xase inhibition activities, and the sulfated &#945;-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Fuc branches might contribute to the anticoagulant and anti-FXase activities of both PmFG and PmFS.