Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters

<p>Abstract</p> <p>To date, the reliability of induction of a depressive-like state using chronic stress models is confronted by many methodological limitations. We believe that the modifications to the stress paradigm in mice proposed herein allow some of these limitations to be o...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Boyks Marco, Kholod Natalia, Couch Yvonne, Strekalova Tatyana, Malin Dmitry, Leprince Pierre, Steinbusch Harry MW
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2011-04-01
Series:Behavioral and Brain Functions
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.behavioralandbrainfunctions.com/content/7/1/9
id doaj-2d7c2eb580144d789f7133ff4987ed56
record_format Article
spelling doaj-2d7c2eb580144d789f7133ff4987ed562020-11-25T02:51:26ZengBMCBehavioral and Brain Functions1744-90812011-04-0171910.1186/1744-9081-7-9Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control mattersBoyks MarcoKholod NataliaCouch YvonneStrekalova TatyanaMalin DmitryLeprince PierreSteinbusch Harry MW<p>Abstract</p> <p>To date, the reliability of induction of a depressive-like state using chronic stress models is confronted by many methodological limitations. We believe that the modifications to the stress paradigm in mice proposed herein allow some of these limitations to be overcome. Here, we discuss a variant of the standard stress paradigm, which results in anhedonia. This anhedonic state was defined by a decrease in sucrose preference that was not exhibited by all animals. As such, we propose the use of non-anhedonic, stressed mice as an internal control in experimental mouse models of depression. The application of an internal control for the effects of stress, along with optimized behavioural testing, can enable the analysis of biological correlates of stress-induced anhedonia versus the consequences of stress alone in a chronic-stress depression model. This is illustrated, for instance, by distinct physiological and molecular profiles in anhedonic and non-anhedonic groups subjected to stress. These results argue for the use of a subgroup of individuals who are negative for the induction of a depressive phenotype during experimental paradigms of depression as an internal control, for more refined modeling of this disorder in animals.</p> http://www.behavioralandbrainfunctions.com/content/7/1/9animal model of depressionchronic stresssucrose testanhedoniaantidepressant treatmentgene expression profilingneuroinflammationmouse
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Boyks Marco
Kholod Natalia
Couch Yvonne
Strekalova Tatyana
Malin Dmitry
Leprince Pierre
Steinbusch Harry MW
spellingShingle Boyks Marco
Kholod Natalia
Couch Yvonne
Strekalova Tatyana
Malin Dmitry
Leprince Pierre
Steinbusch Harry MW
Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters
Behavioral and Brain Functions
animal model of depression
chronic stress
sucrose test
anhedonia
antidepressant treatment
gene expression profiling
neuroinflammation
mouse
author_facet Boyks Marco
Kholod Natalia
Couch Yvonne
Strekalova Tatyana
Malin Dmitry
Leprince Pierre
Steinbusch Harry MW
author_sort Boyks Marco
title Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters
title_short Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters
title_full Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters
title_fullStr Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters
title_full_unstemmed Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters
title_sort update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters
publisher BMC
series Behavioral and Brain Functions
issn 1744-9081
publishDate 2011-04-01
description <p>Abstract</p> <p>To date, the reliability of induction of a depressive-like state using chronic stress models is confronted by many methodological limitations. We believe that the modifications to the stress paradigm in mice proposed herein allow some of these limitations to be overcome. Here, we discuss a variant of the standard stress paradigm, which results in anhedonia. This anhedonic state was defined by a decrease in sucrose preference that was not exhibited by all animals. As such, we propose the use of non-anhedonic, stressed mice as an internal control in experimental mouse models of depression. The application of an internal control for the effects of stress, along with optimized behavioural testing, can enable the analysis of biological correlates of stress-induced anhedonia versus the consequences of stress alone in a chronic-stress depression model. This is illustrated, for instance, by distinct physiological and molecular profiles in anhedonic and non-anhedonic groups subjected to stress. These results argue for the use of a subgroup of individuals who are negative for the induction of a depressive phenotype during experimental paradigms of depression as an internal control, for more refined modeling of this disorder in animals.</p>
topic animal model of depression
chronic stress
sucrose test
anhedonia
antidepressant treatment
gene expression profiling
neuroinflammation
mouse
url http://www.behavioralandbrainfunctions.com/content/7/1/9
work_keys_str_mv AT boyksmarco updateinthemethodologyofthechronicstressparadigminternalcontrolmatters
AT kholodnatalia updateinthemethodologyofthechronicstressparadigminternalcontrolmatters
AT couchyvonne updateinthemethodologyofthechronicstressparadigminternalcontrolmatters
AT strekalovatatyana updateinthemethodologyofthechronicstressparadigminternalcontrolmatters
AT malindmitry updateinthemethodologyofthechronicstressparadigminternalcontrolmatters
AT leprincepierre updateinthemethodologyofthechronicstressparadigminternalcontrolmatters
AT steinbuschharrymw updateinthemethodologyofthechronicstressparadigminternalcontrolmatters
_version_ 1724734555821178880