The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation Characteristics
Abstract We describe the baseline coupled model configuration and simulation characteristics of GFDL's Earth System Model Version 4.1 (ESM4.1), which builds on component and coupled model developments at GFDL over 2013–2018 for coupled carbon‐chemistry‐climate simulation contributing to the six...
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| Language: | English |
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American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002015 |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
| language |
English |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
| author |
J. P. Dunne L. W. Horowitz A. J. Adcroft P. Ginoux I. M. Held J. G. John J. P. Krasting S. Malyshev V. Naik F. Paulot E. Shevliakova C. A. Stock N. Zadeh V. Balaji C. Blanton K. A. Dunne C. Dupuis J. Durachta R. Dussin P. P. G. Gauthier S. M. Griffies H. Guo R. W. Hallberg M. Harrison J. He W. Hurlin C. McHugh R. Menzel P. C. D. Milly S. Nikonov D. J. Paynter J. Ploshay A. Radhakrishnan K. Rand B. G. Reichl T. Robinson D. M. Schwarzkopf L. T. Sentman S. Underwood H. Vahlenkamp M. Winton A. T. Wittenberg B. Wyman Y. Zeng M. Zhao |
| spellingShingle |
J. P. Dunne L. W. Horowitz A. J. Adcroft P. Ginoux I. M. Held J. G. John J. P. Krasting S. Malyshev V. Naik F. Paulot E. Shevliakova C. A. Stock N. Zadeh V. Balaji C. Blanton K. A. Dunne C. Dupuis J. Durachta R. Dussin P. P. G. Gauthier S. M. Griffies H. Guo R. W. Hallberg M. Harrison J. He W. Hurlin C. McHugh R. Menzel P. C. D. Milly S. Nikonov D. J. Paynter J. Ploshay A. Radhakrishnan K. Rand B. G. Reichl T. Robinson D. M. Schwarzkopf L. T. Sentman S. Underwood H. Vahlenkamp M. Winton A. T. Wittenberg B. Wyman Y. Zeng M. Zhao The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation Characteristics Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Earth system model climate model biogeochemistry |
| author_facet |
J. P. Dunne L. W. Horowitz A. J. Adcroft P. Ginoux I. M. Held J. G. John J. P. Krasting S. Malyshev V. Naik F. Paulot E. Shevliakova C. A. Stock N. Zadeh V. Balaji C. Blanton K. A. Dunne C. Dupuis J. Durachta R. Dussin P. P. G. Gauthier S. M. Griffies H. Guo R. W. Hallberg M. Harrison J. He W. Hurlin C. McHugh R. Menzel P. C. D. Milly S. Nikonov D. J. Paynter J. Ploshay A. Radhakrishnan K. Rand B. G. Reichl T. Robinson D. M. Schwarzkopf L. T. Sentman S. Underwood H. Vahlenkamp M. Winton A. T. Wittenberg B. Wyman Y. Zeng M. Zhao |
| author_sort |
J. P. Dunne |
| title |
The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation Characteristics |
| title_short |
The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation Characteristics |
| title_full |
The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation Characteristics |
| title_fullStr |
The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation Characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation Characteristics |
| title_sort |
gfdl earth system model version 4.1 (gfdl‐esm 4.1): overall coupled model description and simulation characteristics |
| publisher |
American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
| series |
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
| issn |
1942-2466 |
| publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
| description |
Abstract We describe the baseline coupled model configuration and simulation characteristics of GFDL's Earth System Model Version 4.1 (ESM4.1), which builds on component and coupled model developments at GFDL over 2013–2018 for coupled carbon‐chemistry‐climate simulation contributing to the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. In contrast with GFDL's CM4.0 development effort that focuses on ocean resolution for physical climate, ESM4.1 focuses on comprehensiveness of Earth system interactions. ESM4.1 features doubled horizontal resolution of both atmosphere (2° to 1°) and ocean (1° to 0.5°) relative to GFDL's previous‐generation coupled ESM2‐carbon and CM3‐chemistry models. ESM4.1 brings together key representational advances in CM4.0 dynamics and physics along with those in aerosols and their precursor emissions, land ecosystem vegetation and canopy competition, and multiday fire; ocean ecological and biogeochemical interactions, comprehensive land‐atmosphere‐ocean cycling of CO2, dust and iron, and interactive ocean‐atmosphere nitrogen cycling are described in detail across this volume of JAMES and presented here in terms of the overall coupling and resulting fidelity. ESM4.1 provides much improved fidelity in CO2 and chemistry over ESM2 and CM3, captures most of CM4.0's baseline simulations characteristics, and notably improves on CM4.0 in (1) Southern Ocean mode and intermediate water ventilation, (2) Southern Ocean aerosols, and (3) reduced spurious ocean heat uptake. ESM4.1 has reduced transient and equilibrium climate sensitivity compared to CM4.0. Fidelity concerns include (1) moderate degradation in sea surface temperature biases, (2) degradation in aerosols in some regions, and (3) strong centennial scale climate modulation by Southern Ocean convection. |
| topic |
Earth system model climate model biogeochemistry |
| url |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002015 |
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doaj-2d282ef73bac47f3943c7760f0275b102021-04-13T10:34:32ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems1942-24662020-11-011211n/an/a10.1029/2019MS002015The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation CharacteristicsJ. P. Dunne0L. W. Horowitz1A. J. Adcroft2P. Ginoux3I. M. Held4J. G. John5J. P. Krasting6S. Malyshev7V. Naik8F. Paulot9E. Shevliakova10C. A. Stock11N. Zadeh12V. Balaji13C. Blanton14K. A. Dunne15C. Dupuis16J. Durachta17R. Dussin18P. P. G. Gauthier19S. M. Griffies20H. Guo21R. W. Hallberg22M. Harrison23J. He24W. Hurlin25C. McHugh26R. Menzel27P. C. D. Milly28S. Nikonov29D. J. Paynter30J. Ploshay31A. Radhakrishnan32K. Rand33B. G. Reichl34T. Robinson35D. M. Schwarzkopf36L. T. Sentman37S. Underwood38H. Vahlenkamp39M. Winton40A. T. Wittenberg41B. Wyman42Y. Zeng43M. Zhao44NOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USAProgram in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USAProgram in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USASAIC/GFDL Princeton NJ USAProgram in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ USASAIC/GFDL Princeton NJ USAU. S. Geological Survey/GFDL Princeton NJ USASAIC/GFDL Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USAUCAR/GFDL Princeton NJ USAPrinceton Environmental Institute Princeton University Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USAProgram in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USASAIC/GFDL Princeton NJ USAUCAR/GFDL Princeton NJ USAU. S. Geological Survey/GFDL Princeton NJ USAProgram in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USAProgram in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ USASAIC/GFDL Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USASAIC/GFDL Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USAUCAR/GFDL Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USACooperative Institute for Modeling the Earth System Princeton University Princeton NJ USANOAA/OAR Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USAAbstract We describe the baseline coupled model configuration and simulation characteristics of GFDL's Earth System Model Version 4.1 (ESM4.1), which builds on component and coupled model developments at GFDL over 2013–2018 for coupled carbon‐chemistry‐climate simulation contributing to the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. In contrast with GFDL's CM4.0 development effort that focuses on ocean resolution for physical climate, ESM4.1 focuses on comprehensiveness of Earth system interactions. ESM4.1 features doubled horizontal resolution of both atmosphere (2° to 1°) and ocean (1° to 0.5°) relative to GFDL's previous‐generation coupled ESM2‐carbon and CM3‐chemistry models. ESM4.1 brings together key representational advances in CM4.0 dynamics and physics along with those in aerosols and their precursor emissions, land ecosystem vegetation and canopy competition, and multiday fire; ocean ecological and biogeochemical interactions, comprehensive land‐atmosphere‐ocean cycling of CO2, dust and iron, and interactive ocean‐atmosphere nitrogen cycling are described in detail across this volume of JAMES and presented here in terms of the overall coupling and resulting fidelity. ESM4.1 provides much improved fidelity in CO2 and chemistry over ESM2 and CM3, captures most of CM4.0's baseline simulations characteristics, and notably improves on CM4.0 in (1) Southern Ocean mode and intermediate water ventilation, (2) Southern Ocean aerosols, and (3) reduced spurious ocean heat uptake. ESM4.1 has reduced transient and equilibrium climate sensitivity compared to CM4.0. Fidelity concerns include (1) moderate degradation in sea surface temperature biases, (2) degradation in aerosols in some regions, and (3) strong centennial scale climate modulation by Southern Ocean convection.https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002015Earth system modelclimate modelbiogeochemistry |