The Role of Quark-Gluon Plasma in the Early Universe

• Main Authors: Gaber FAİSEL, Sami KHALAF
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Journal of Multidisciplinary Modeling and Optimization 2019-01-01
• Series: Journal of Multidisciplinary Modeling and Optimization
• Subjects: quark-gluon plasma
• Online Access: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jmmo/issue/42731/446024?publisher=http-w3-sdu-edu-tr-personel-00606-prof-dr-ahmet-sahiner

In an era of the early Universe at a time estimated to be amillionth of a second after the Big Bang, the Universe was filledwith quark-gluon plasma. In this plasma and due to the hightemperature the strong coupling constant, that characterizes themagnitude of the strong force acting on quarks and gluons, becomesso small. As a consequence quarks and gluons inside this plasmacan be considered as an ideal gas of gluons and massless quarksthat weakly interact with each others. Thus, for this plasma, onecan describe its characteristics by the equations of states thatrelate both energy density and pressure to its temperature. Thishas been done in several models in the literature with the recentinformation about the properties of the quark-gluon plasmaprovided by relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments and someastrophysical measurement. In this article we review three ofthese models namely the MIT bag model, Model 1 and Model 2.Moreover we solve Einstein's field equations of the generalrelativity,that describe our universe, to show the time evolutionof energy density, pressure and temperature in the early universein these three models. This kind of study is important as ourpresent universe evolved from a universe filled with quark-gluonplasma.