| Summary: | The article analyzes how in Russia over the past hundred years there has been a change in the conceptual approaches of scientists to the study of economic management problems and how this shift correlates with the change in the state's economic policy. At the same time, the work of those well-known scientists who went to the synthesis of economic science with natural-scientific knowledge and sought to justify the need for a nature-friendly, rather than a nature-destructive economy, are analyzed. To implement today the transition to an economy capable of stopping the destruction of the biosphere that has developed over many billions of years, it is proposed to abandon the liberal-market economic theory and move on to the anthropo-cosmic worldview. The urgency of such a transition is determined by the fact that at present programs are being developed for the development of space resources without studying the environmental consequences that can become dangerous for the biosphere on Earth.
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