Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Management Areas by the Forest Environmental Tax in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan

Forest management approaches vary according to the needs of individual municipalities with unique geographic conditions and local social contexts. Accordingly, there are two types of subsidies: a unified national subsidy and a prefecture-level subsidy, mainly from forest environmental taxes. The lat...

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Main Authors: Yuta Uchiyama, Ryo Kohsaka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2016-01-01
Series:International Journal of Forestry Research
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4701058
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spelling doaj-2a452efa8b6e4c4d967dad7fe468fe4f2020-11-24T23:13:56ZengHindawi LimitedInternational Journal of Forestry Research1687-93681687-93762016-01-01201610.1155/2016/47010584701058Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Management Areas by the Forest Environmental Tax in Ishikawa Prefecture, JapanYuta Uchiyama0Ryo Kohsaka1Kanazawa University Graduate School of Human and Socio-Environmental Studies, Kanazawa, JapanKanazawa University Graduate School of Human and Socio-Environmental Studies, Kanazawa, JapanForest management approaches vary according to the needs of individual municipalities with unique geographic conditions and local social contexts. Accordingly, there are two types of subsidies: a unified national subsidy and a prefecture-level subsidy, mainly from forest environmental taxes. The latter is a local tax. Our focus is on examining forest management using these two types of taxes (i.e., central and prefecture-level) and their correlations with social and natural environmental factors. In this paper, we examine the spatial distribution of management areas using subsidies from the central government, the Forestry Agency of Japan, and prefectural forest environmental taxes in Ishikawa. In concrete terms, the spatial correlations of the management areas under two tax schemes are compared with the natural hazard areas (as a natural environmental factor) and areas with high aging rates (as a social factor). The results are tested to see whether the correlations of areas with the two factors are significant, to examine whether the taxes are used for areas with natural and social needs. From the result, positive correlations are identified between the distribution of management areas and natural hazard areas and between the distribution of management areas and areas with high aging rates.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4701058
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Yuta Uchiyama
Ryo Kohsaka
spellingShingle Yuta Uchiyama
Ryo Kohsaka
Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Management Areas by the Forest Environmental Tax in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
International Journal of Forestry Research
author_facet Yuta Uchiyama
Ryo Kohsaka
author_sort Yuta Uchiyama
title Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Management Areas by the Forest Environmental Tax in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
title_short Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Management Areas by the Forest Environmental Tax in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
title_full Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Management Areas by the Forest Environmental Tax in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
title_fullStr Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Management Areas by the Forest Environmental Tax in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Management Areas by the Forest Environmental Tax in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
title_sort analysis of the distribution of forest management areas by the forest environmental tax in ishikawa prefecture, japan
publisher Hindawi Limited
series International Journal of Forestry Research
issn 1687-9368
1687-9376
publishDate 2016-01-01
description Forest management approaches vary according to the needs of individual municipalities with unique geographic conditions and local social contexts. Accordingly, there are two types of subsidies: a unified national subsidy and a prefecture-level subsidy, mainly from forest environmental taxes. The latter is a local tax. Our focus is on examining forest management using these two types of taxes (i.e., central and prefecture-level) and their correlations with social and natural environmental factors. In this paper, we examine the spatial distribution of management areas using subsidies from the central government, the Forestry Agency of Japan, and prefectural forest environmental taxes in Ishikawa. In concrete terms, the spatial correlations of the management areas under two tax schemes are compared with the natural hazard areas (as a natural environmental factor) and areas with high aging rates (as a social factor). The results are tested to see whether the correlations of areas with the two factors are significant, to examine whether the taxes are used for areas with natural and social needs. From the result, positive correlations are identified between the distribution of management areas and natural hazard areas and between the distribution of management areas and areas with high aging rates.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4701058
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