Prevalence of Tissue Transglutamase Antibodies in cases of Celiac Disease

• Main Authors: Samreen Soomro, Samina Baig, Shaheen Sharafat, Talat Mirza
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dow University of Health Sciences 2015-04-01
• Series: Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences
• Subjects: celiac disease; anti-tissue transglutaminase; anti- glidin; gastroenteritis
• Online Access: http://www.jduhs.com/index.php/jduhs/article/view/257

Celiac disease is a human leukocyte antigen-DQ2 (or DQ8) associated autoimmune disorder of the smallintestine induced by dietary exposure to wheat gliadin, barley hordein, rye secalin and possibly oat avenis.It is characterized by mucosal damage, loss of absorptive villi and hyperplasia of the crypts leading tomalabsorption. In addition, to nutrient deficiencies and growth failure, prolonged untreated celiac disease isassociated with an increased risk of malignancy, especially intestinal T cell lymphoma. Tissue transglutaminaseantibody tTG antibodies of isotype IgA and IgG is a simple, sensitive and specific noninvasive screening testfor diagnosis of celiac disease, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. In current study fromSeptember 2010 to May 2014, samples from 3643 cases referred to Dow Diagnostic Research and Referencelab were screened for serum IgA and IgG for tissue transglutaminase by ELISA. Results showed that about1290 patients were anti TtG IgA positive including male and female with a ratio of 1:1.4 respectively, indicatingan active stage of the disease. Children (age group between 0 to 16) showed a greater prevalence i.e 37% ascompared to other age group. However IgG against tissue transglutaminase didn’t show any significantprevalence pattern.