Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Breast Milk on Postpartum Depression in Korean Mothers

• Main Authors: Ju-Hee Kim, Hye-Sook Shin, Woo-Hyoung Lee
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
• Series: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• Subjects: postpartum depression; endocrine-disrupting chemicals; breast milk; mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; ethyl-paraben
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4444

Previous human and animal studies have reported an association between endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and anxiety/depression. This study aimed to determine how the concentrations of phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, triclosan, and parabens in breast milk are associated with the risk of developing postpartum depression (PPD) in Korean mothers. We recruited 221 mothers who were receiving lactation coaching at breastfeeding clinics between July and September 2018. The breast milk samples were collected along with responses to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The multivariable logistic regression results revealed that the phthalate, bisphenol A, parabens, and triclosan levels in the breast milk were not significantly associated with the risk of PPD. This study was the first attempt to analyze the association between the levels of EDCs in breast milk and the risk of PPD. Considering that PPD is a condition that affects not only the women diagnosed with it, but also their children and families, the results of this study may have great relevance to populations in environmentally sensitive periods.