EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation.
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) induces apoptosis to promote viral particle release. Earlier work showed that EV71 utilizes its 3C protease to induce apoptosis in a caspase-3-dependent pathway, though the mechanism is unknown. However, work from Vagner, Holcik and colleagues showed that host protein heterogen...
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doaj-28d0401486314236bb1ca9c517ed92a72021-03-04T11:21:52ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032019-01-01149e022104810.1371/journal.pone.0221048EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation.Mei-Ling LiJing-Yi LinBo-Shiun ChenKuo-Feng WengShin-Ru ShihJesse Davila CalderonBlanton S TolbertGary BrewerEnterovirus 71 (EV71) induces apoptosis to promote viral particle release. Earlier work showed that EV71 utilizes its 3C protease to induce apoptosis in a caspase-3-dependent pathway, though the mechanism is unknown. However, work from Vagner, Holcik and colleagues showed that host protein heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) binds the IRES of cellular apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 (apaf-1) mRNA to repress its translation. In this work, we show that apaf-1 expression is essential for EV71-induced apoptosis. EV71 infection or ectopic expression of 3C protease cleaves hnRNP A1, which abolishes its binding to the apaf-1 IRES. This allows IRES-dependent synthesis of apaf-1, activation of caspase-3, and apoptosis. Thus, we reveal a novel mechanism that EV71 utilizes for virus release via a 3C protease-hnRNP A1-apaf-1-caspase-3-apoptosis axis.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221048 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mei-Ling Li Jing-Yi Lin Bo-Shiun Chen Kuo-Feng Weng Shin-Ru Shih Jesse Davila Calderon Blanton S Tolbert Gary Brewer |
spellingShingle |
Mei-Ling Li Jing-Yi Lin Bo-Shiun Chen Kuo-Feng Weng Shin-Ru Shih Jesse Davila Calderon Blanton S Tolbert Gary Brewer EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Mei-Ling Li Jing-Yi Lin Bo-Shiun Chen Kuo-Feng Weng Shin-Ru Shih Jesse Davila Calderon Blanton S Tolbert Gary Brewer |
author_sort |
Mei-Ling Li |
title |
EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation. |
title_short |
EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation. |
title_full |
EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation. |
title_fullStr |
EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation. |
title_full_unstemmed |
EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation. |
title_sort |
ev71 3c protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnrnp a1 to promote apaf-1 translation. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) induces apoptosis to promote viral particle release. Earlier work showed that EV71 utilizes its 3C protease to induce apoptosis in a caspase-3-dependent pathway, though the mechanism is unknown. However, work from Vagner, Holcik and colleagues showed that host protein heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) binds the IRES of cellular apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 (apaf-1) mRNA to repress its translation. In this work, we show that apaf-1 expression is essential for EV71-induced apoptosis. EV71 infection or ectopic expression of 3C protease cleaves hnRNP A1, which abolishes its binding to the apaf-1 IRES. This allows IRES-dependent synthesis of apaf-1, activation of caspase-3, and apoptosis. Thus, we reveal a novel mechanism that EV71 utilizes for virus release via a 3C protease-hnRNP A1-apaf-1-caspase-3-apoptosis axis. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221048 |
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