Reduced Pollination Efficiency Compromises Some Physicochemical Qualities in Gac (<i>Momordica cochinchinensis</i> Spreng.) Fruit

• Main Authors: Xuan T. Tran, Sophie E. Parks, Minh H. Nguyen, Paul D. Roach
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-01-01
• Series: Agronomy
• Subjects: in vitro test; in vivo test; fatty acids; pollen viability; recalcitrant pollen; orthodox pollen
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/190

Gac is valued for the nutritious aril surrounding its seed. When pollinators are limited or when flower sex expression is female-biased, hand pollination is necessary. Here, female flowers were hand pollinated with male flowers or pollen stored for up to 84 days at 4 or −20 °C, and fruit set and some qualities of mature fruit were evaluated. Cool storage reduced pollen viability (germinability and pollen tube length) and compromised fruit set (10–87%) compared with fresh pollen (97%). Fruit weight was also reduced at least by 8%, and oil concentration in aril by 40%. However, the lycopene and β-carotene concentrations in aril were largely uncompromised, and some fruits were of a marketable weight (>1.2 kg) and quality. Cool storage is a low-cost method for the short-term storage of Gac pollen. However, methods for drying pollen to an inactive state need investigation for a storage protocol, and for improvements in fruit set and fruit physicochemical qualities using hand pollination.