Source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the source of medicines and medicine information of persons living with hypertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana and assessing if they are influenced by predisposing and enabling factors as defined by Andersen’s behavioural model. Methods:...

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Main Authors: Opare-Addo MN, Buabeng KO, Marfo AF, Osei FA, Owusu-Dabo E, Ansong D, Anto BP, Boaheng JM, Nyanor I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Centro de Investigaciones y Publicaciones Farmaceuticas 2018-09-01
Series:Pharmacy Practice
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.pharmacypractice.org/journal/index.php/pp/article/view/1151
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spelling doaj-26f4d8d7699d46b3ac388c4812df4df32020-11-25T03:46:27ZengCentro de Investigaciones y Publicaciones FarmaceuticasPharmacy Practice1885-642X1886-36552018-09-01163115110.18549/PharmPract.2018.03.1151Source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban GhanaOpare-Addo MNBuabeng KOMarfo AFOsei FAOwusu-Dabo EAnsong DAnto BPBoaheng JMNyanor I. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the source of medicines and medicine information of persons living with hypertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana and assessing if they are influenced by predisposing and enabling factors as defined by Andersen’s behavioural model. Methods: A population based cross sectional study was conducted in four (4) rural and four (4) urban districts in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. A multistage and proportional sampling method was used in enrolling participants aged 18 years and above. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from respondents. Data collected was exported to STATA for analysis. Descriptive analysis was performed. Chi-square tests/Fisher’s exact test and multinomial logistic regression models were used to establish association between variables. Results: A total of 336 self -reported persons with hypertension and diabetes were enrolled in the study with 199(59.23%) living in urban communities. The majority of participants with hypertension and diabetes living in the rural communities 77 (56.20%) were females contrasting with the male majority in urban communities 106 (53. 27%). In the rural communities, 49 (35.77%) of participants sourced medicines from the health centre while 45 (32.85%) and 35(25.55%) sourced medicines from the hospital and over the counter medicine shop (OTCMS) respectively. In the urban communities, 153 (76.88%) sourced medicines from the hospital while 33 (16.58%) sourced medicines from the pharmacy. The predisposing factor age (OR: 1.1, 95%CI 1.040-1.210) under OTCMS, age (OR 1.0, 95%CI: 1.002-1.066) under hospital and enabling factor socioeconomic status (OR: 0.3, 95%CI 0.085-0.855) under Hospital influenced participant’s source of medicine in the urban communities. The results also revealed that majority of participants in both rural 99 (72.26%), and urban 164 (82.41%) communities sourced medicine information mainly from public healthcare facilities, pre-disposing factors; age (OR 1.1 95%CI 1.032-1.270) under family member, age (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.022-1.167) under friend health professional, age (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.050-1.147) under nearest health institution, marital status (OR: 0.004, 95%CI 0.003-0.441) under friend health Professional were found to influence participants’ source of medicine information in the urban communities while in the rural communities the predisposing factor marital status (OR 10.6, 95%CI 1.044 -106.835), education (OR: 26.1, 95%CI 1.271-537.279) under friend health professional, age (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.002-1.187), educational level (OR 30.6, 95%CI 1.718-546.668) under nearest health institution and enabling factor socio-economic status (OR 6.6, 95%CI 1.016 -43.510) under nearest health institution influenced one’s source of medicine information. Conclusions: Majority of inhabitants with hypertension and diabetes in both rural and urban communities, sourced medicines and medicine information from public health institutions though a larger proportion was recorded in the urban communities. More participants in the rural communities than in the urban communities sourced medicines and medicine information from community pharmacies. Participants’ source of medicine and medicine information was influenced by both predisposing and enabling factors.https://www.pharmacypractice.org/journal/index.php/pp/article/view/1151HypertensionDiabetes MellitusPrescription DrugsHealth Services Needs and DemandPharmaciesPharmacistsSurveys and QuestionnairesMultivariate AnalysisGhana
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Opare-Addo MN
Buabeng KO
Marfo AF
Osei FA
Owusu-Dabo E
Ansong D
Anto BP
Boaheng JM
Nyanor I.
spellingShingle Opare-Addo MN
Buabeng KO
Marfo AF
Osei FA
Owusu-Dabo E
Ansong D
Anto BP
Boaheng JM
Nyanor I.
Source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana
Pharmacy Practice
Hypertension
Diabetes Mellitus
Prescription Drugs
Health Services Needs and Demand
Pharmacies
Pharmacists
Surveys and Questionnaires
Multivariate Analysis
Ghana
author_facet Opare-Addo MN
Buabeng KO
Marfo AF
Osei FA
Owusu-Dabo E
Ansong D
Anto BP
Boaheng JM
Nyanor I.
author_sort Opare-Addo MN
title Source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana
title_short Source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana
title_full Source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana
title_fullStr Source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana
title_full_unstemmed Source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana
title_sort source of medicines and medicine information by self-reported persons living with hy-pertension and diabetes in rural and urban ghana
publisher Centro de Investigaciones y Publicaciones Farmaceuticas
series Pharmacy Practice
issn 1885-642X
1886-3655
publishDate 2018-09-01
description Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the source of medicines and medicine information of persons living with hypertension and diabetes in rural and urban Ghana and assessing if they are influenced by predisposing and enabling factors as defined by Andersen’s behavioural model. Methods: A population based cross sectional study was conducted in four (4) rural and four (4) urban districts in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. A multistage and proportional sampling method was used in enrolling participants aged 18 years and above. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from respondents. Data collected was exported to STATA for analysis. Descriptive analysis was performed. Chi-square tests/Fisher’s exact test and multinomial logistic regression models were used to establish association between variables. Results: A total of 336 self -reported persons with hypertension and diabetes were enrolled in the study with 199(59.23%) living in urban communities. The majority of participants with hypertension and diabetes living in the rural communities 77 (56.20%) were females contrasting with the male majority in urban communities 106 (53. 27%). In the rural communities, 49 (35.77%) of participants sourced medicines from the health centre while 45 (32.85%) and 35(25.55%) sourced medicines from the hospital and over the counter medicine shop (OTCMS) respectively. In the urban communities, 153 (76.88%) sourced medicines from the hospital while 33 (16.58%) sourced medicines from the pharmacy. The predisposing factor age (OR: 1.1, 95%CI 1.040-1.210) under OTCMS, age (OR 1.0, 95%CI: 1.002-1.066) under hospital and enabling factor socioeconomic status (OR: 0.3, 95%CI 0.085-0.855) under Hospital influenced participant’s source of medicine in the urban communities. The results also revealed that majority of participants in both rural 99 (72.26%), and urban 164 (82.41%) communities sourced medicine information mainly from public healthcare facilities, pre-disposing factors; age (OR 1.1 95%CI 1.032-1.270) under family member, age (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.022-1.167) under friend health professional, age (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.050-1.147) under nearest health institution, marital status (OR: 0.004, 95%CI 0.003-0.441) under friend health Professional were found to influence participants’ source of medicine information in the urban communities while in the rural communities the predisposing factor marital status (OR 10.6, 95%CI 1.044 -106.835), education (OR: 26.1, 95%CI 1.271-537.279) under friend health professional, age (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.002-1.187), educational level (OR 30.6, 95%CI 1.718-546.668) under nearest health institution and enabling factor socio-economic status (OR 6.6, 95%CI 1.016 -43.510) under nearest health institution influenced one’s source of medicine information. Conclusions: Majority of inhabitants with hypertension and diabetes in both rural and urban communities, sourced medicines and medicine information from public health institutions though a larger proportion was recorded in the urban communities. More participants in the rural communities than in the urban communities sourced medicines and medicine information from community pharmacies. Participants’ source of medicine and medicine information was influenced by both predisposing and enabling factors.
topic Hypertension
Diabetes Mellitus
Prescription Drugs
Health Services Needs and Demand
Pharmacies
Pharmacists
Surveys and Questionnaires
Multivariate Analysis
Ghana
url https://www.pharmacypractice.org/journal/index.php/pp/article/view/1151
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