Maximizing Utilization and Minimizing Migration in Thermal-Aware Energy-Efficient Real-Time Multiprocessor Scheduling

• Main Authors: Laura Elena Rubio-Anguiano, Abel Chils Trabanco, Jose Luis Briz Velasco, Antonio Ramirez-Trevino
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: IEEE 2021-01-01
• Series: IEEE Access
• Subjects: Real-time; scheduling; clustering algorithms; multiprocessors; Petri nets; control
• Online Access: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9447037/

This work proposes CAlECs, a clustered scheduling system for MPSoCs subject to thermal and energy constraints. It calculates off-line a cyclic executive honoring temporal and thermal constraints, for a hard real-time (HRT) task set at minimum frequency to reduce consumed energy, minimizing context switches and migrations. It also provides an on-line controller able to manage system and task parametric variations and soft real-time (SRT) tasks, always meeting the HRT task set constraints and the system thermal bound. CAlECS maximizes CPU utilization to help avoid overprovisioning contributing to a low SWaP factor. Its modular design allows the utilization of different modeling and scheduling approaches, and makes the off-line and on-line components independent from each other to better suit the requirements of a specific system. We experimentally show that the cyclic executive provided by CAlECS for HRT task sets outperforms RUN, a reference off-line algorithm in terms of optimal number of context switches.