History of the concept «political technology»

• Main Author: О. О. Поліщук
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University 2016-03-01
• Series: Вісник НЮУ імені Ярослава Мудрого: Серія: Філософія, філософія права, політологія, соціологія
• Subjects: політичні технології; демократичний транзит; політичний маркетинг; політична комунікація; PR
• Online Access: http://fil.nlu.edu.ua/article/view/64044

The article investigates the origin and formation of concepts political technology. Reveals the connection between political and social technologies. Discovered level of development of political technology concept in political science. The basic scientific approaches to understanding the nature and essence of the concept political technology. The necessity of a comprehensive study of political technologies as a form of social technologies. On the modern stage of political development the technological constituent of policy in domestic science is characterized partial research. At the same time, this sphere causes interest of politicians, research workers and upravlinciv. The various going near the analysis of political technologies form various determinations. Political science  determines political technologies as «aggregate of principles, methods and procedures, that the subjects of political activity use. Political technologies, based on a theoretical analysis. Usually sutnistniy maintenance of political technologies is bound to electoral technologies, pr-technologies, and also with the political marketing. About it mashtabne application and distribution testifies them for influence on  mass consciousness during hustings. The important aspect of electoral communications is Public Relations. In Ukrainian political science conducted not enough researches from this problems. In world political science the various aspects of Public Relations are presented in more than 500 determinations. Within the limits of the generalized approach this concept is understood as science and direction of practical activity of people in relation to optimization of communicative space. In conducted modern pr-campaigns theoretical basis is conception of situation control of events and problems. It foresees intellectual co-operation from MASS-MEDIA, the main task of which is expulsing of negative information, maintainance of control of informative space, strengthening of public support. Pr-technologies,  which serve political parties, candidates, institutes of state power, develop in a few directions. From creation of information message to the origin of public trust to the candidate or party it is necessary to overcome a difficult communicative way. The uses of simple charts of forming of public opinion, as a rule, do not give positive results. Not taking into account the mediated factors and not watching the change of moods, it is possible not only not to get the expected result but also produce a negative image of politician or parties. Made the following conclusions. Political technology is a part of social technologies and play an important role in modern society. The extent of their development and perfection is an indicator of the maturity of the political institutions of the state. They reflect the diversity and complexity of modern society. Political technologies with its complex structure. The type of political technology depends on the degree of political system of society. Political control and communication technology used in politics to solve specific problems.  In society Transitive type of main problems of political management is to develop the best tools for solving political problems, as well as compliance with the principles of the technologies morality. In Ukraine, unfortunately mostly used manipulative political technologies. Through their application cover undemocratic procedures carried out under democratic slogans. Manipulative technologies are means of deception of citizens. This in turn does not contribute to the democratization of Ukraine. Therefore, the most urgent is to develop measures to counter political manipulation at the national level