Enhancement of the antimalarial efficacy of amodiaquine by chlorpheniramine in vivo

• Main Authors: Akintunde Sowunmi, Grace O Gbotosho, Christian T Happi, Ahmed A Adedeji, Olayinka M Bolaji, Fatai A Fehintola, Babasola A Fateye, Ayoade MJ Oduola
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde 2007-06-01
• Series: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.
• Subjects: amodiaquine; chlorpheniramine; resistance reversal; malaria; children
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762007000300023

Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum to amodiaquine (AQ) can be reversed in vitro with with antihistaminic and tricyclic antidepressant compounds, but its significance in vivo is unclear. The present report presents the enhancement of the antimalarial efficacy of AQ by chlorpheniramine, an H1 receptor antagonist that reverses chloroquine (CQ) resistance in vitro and enhances its efficacy in vivo, in five children who failed CQ and/or AQ treatment, and who were subsequently retreated and cured with a combination of AQ plus CP, despite the fact that parasites infecting the children harboured mutant pfcrtT76 and pfmdr1Y86 alleles associated with AQ resistance. This suggests a potential clinical appliation of the reversal phenomenon.