The plastid genome of Eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.

Euglenids are a group of protists that comprises species with diverse feeding modes. One distinct and diversified clade of euglenids is photoautotrophic, and its members bear green secondary plastids. In this paper we present the plastid genome of the euglenid Eutreptiella, which we assembled from 4...

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Main Authors: Štěpánka Hrdá, Jan Fousek, Jana Szabová, Vladimír Hampl, Čestmír Vlček
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3308993?pdf=render
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spelling doaj-2570a9ab6e1f49f69f1c8c5cb19c4ab32020-11-25T00:11:17ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032012-01-0173e3374610.1371/journal.pone.0033746The plastid genome of Eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.Štěpánka HrdáJan FousekJana SzabováVladimír HamplČestmír VlčekEuglenids are a group of protists that comprises species with diverse feeding modes. One distinct and diversified clade of euglenids is photoautotrophic, and its members bear green secondary plastids. In this paper we present the plastid genome of the euglenid Eutreptiella, which we assembled from 454 sequencing of Eutreptiella gDNA. Comparison of this genome and the only other available plastid genomes of photosynthetic euglenid, Euglena gracilis, revealed that they contain a virtually identical set of 57 protein coding genes, 24 genes fewer than the genome of Pyramimonas parkeae, the closest extant algal relative of the euglenid plastid. Searching within the transcriptomes of Euglena and Eutreptiella showed that 6 of the missing genes were transferred to the nucleus of the euglenid host while 18 have been probably lost completely. Euglena and Eutreptiella represent the deepest bifurcation in the photosynthetic clade, and therefore all these gene transfers and losses must have happened before the last common ancestor of all known photosynthetic euglenids. After the split of Euglena and Eutreptiella only one additional gene loss took place. The conservation of gene content in the two lineages of euglenids is in contrast to the variability of gene order and intron counts, which diversified dramatically. Our results show that the early secondary plastid of euglenids was much more susceptible to gene losses and endosymbiotic gene transfers than the established plastid, which is surprisingly resistant to changes in gene content.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3308993?pdf=render
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Štěpánka Hrdá
Jan Fousek
Jana Szabová
Vladimír Hampl
Čestmír Vlček
spellingShingle Štěpánka Hrdá
Jan Fousek
Jana Szabová
Vladimír Hampl
Čestmír Vlček
The plastid genome of Eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Štěpánka Hrdá
Jan Fousek
Jana Szabová
Vladimír Hampl
Čestmír Vlček
author_sort Štěpánka Hrdá
title The plastid genome of Eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.
title_short The plastid genome of Eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.
title_full The plastid genome of Eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.
title_fullStr The plastid genome of Eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.
title_full_unstemmed The plastid genome of Eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.
title_sort plastid genome of eutreptiella provides a window into the process of secondary endosymbiosis of plastid in euglenids.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2012-01-01
description Euglenids are a group of protists that comprises species with diverse feeding modes. One distinct and diversified clade of euglenids is photoautotrophic, and its members bear green secondary plastids. In this paper we present the plastid genome of the euglenid Eutreptiella, which we assembled from 454 sequencing of Eutreptiella gDNA. Comparison of this genome and the only other available plastid genomes of photosynthetic euglenid, Euglena gracilis, revealed that they contain a virtually identical set of 57 protein coding genes, 24 genes fewer than the genome of Pyramimonas parkeae, the closest extant algal relative of the euglenid plastid. Searching within the transcriptomes of Euglena and Eutreptiella showed that 6 of the missing genes were transferred to the nucleus of the euglenid host while 18 have been probably lost completely. Euglena and Eutreptiella represent the deepest bifurcation in the photosynthetic clade, and therefore all these gene transfers and losses must have happened before the last common ancestor of all known photosynthetic euglenids. After the split of Euglena and Eutreptiella only one additional gene loss took place. The conservation of gene content in the two lineages of euglenids is in contrast to the variability of gene order and intron counts, which diversified dramatically. Our results show that the early secondary plastid of euglenids was much more susceptible to gene losses and endosymbiotic gene transfers than the established plastid, which is surprisingly resistant to changes in gene content.
url http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3308993?pdf=render
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