Does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? A systematic review

Introduction: Unilateral resistance training has been shown to improve muscle strength in both the trained and the untrained limb. One of the most widely accepted theories is that this improved performance is due to nervous system adaptations, specifically in the primary motor cortex. According to t...

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Main Authors: D. Colomer-Poveda, S. Romero-Arenas, T. Hortobagyi, G. Márquez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier España 2021-05-01
Series:Neurología (English Edition)
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S217358081930104X
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spelling doaj-242af2f6396a4c5a8ab3d9872fd8a69a2021-05-12T04:10:20ZengElsevier EspañaNeurología (English Edition)2173-58082021-05-01364285297Does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? A systematic reviewD. Colomer-Poveda0S. Romero-Arenas1T. Hortobagyi2G. Márquez3Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Facultad de Deporte-UCAM, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Facultad de Deporte-UCAM, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, SpainCenter for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Facultad de Deporte-UCAM, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Corresponding author.Introduction: Unilateral resistance training has been shown to improve muscle strength in both the trained and the untrained limb. One of the most widely accepted theories is that this improved performance is due to nervous system adaptations, specifically in the primary motor cortex. According to this hypothesis, increased corticospinal excitability (CSE), measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation, is one of the main adaptations observed following prolonged periods of training. The principal aim of this review is to determine the degree of adaptation of CSE and its possible functional association with increased strength in the untrained limb. Development: We performed a systematic literature review of studies published between January 1970 and December 2016, extracted from Medline (via PubMed), Ovid, Web of Science, and Science Direct online databases. The search terms were as follows: (transcranial magnetic stimulation OR excitability) AND (strength training OR resistance training OR force) AND (cross transfer OR contralateral limb OR cross education). A total of 10 articles were found. Conclusion: Results regarding increased CSE were inconsistent. Although the possibility that the methodology had a role in this inconsistency cannot be ruled out, the results appear to suggest that there may not be a functional association between increases in muscle strength and in CSE. Resumen: Introducción: El entrenamiento de fuerza unilateral ha demostrado provocar aumentos de fuerza tanto en la extremidad entrenada como en la no entrenada. Una de las teorías actuales más aceptadas defiende que el origen de dicho aumento de rendimiento se encuentra en adaptaciones en el sistema nervioso, concretamente en la corteza motora primaria, siendo los aumentos en la excitabilidad corticoespinal (EC) medida con estimulación magnética transcraneal una de las principales adaptaciones observadas tras periodos crónicos de entrenamiento. Por ello, el principal objetivo es hacer un análisis de la literatura actual para determinar el grado de adaptación que se da en la EC y su posible relación funcional con el aumento de fuerza de la extremidad no entrenada. Desarrollo: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda sistemática en la literatura existente entre enero de 1970 hasta diciembre de 2016 en las bases de datos online Medline (vía PubMed), Ovid, Web of Science y Science Direct con la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: (Transcranial magnetic stimulation OR excitability) Y (strength training OR resistance training or force) Y (cross transfer OR contralateral limb OR cross education). Finalmente se incluyeron un total de 10 artículos. Conclusiones: Existe cierta inconsistencia en los resultados referentes al aumento de la EC. Aunque no se puede descartar que dicha inconsistencia se deba a aspectos metodológicos, los resultados parecen indicar que el aumento de fuerza y el incremento en la EC podrían no estar funcionalmente relacionados.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S217358081930104XEntrenamiento unilateralExcitabilidad corticoespinalEstimulación magnética transcranealMédula espinalPotencial motor evocado
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author D. Colomer-Poveda
S. Romero-Arenas
T. Hortobagyi
G. Márquez
spellingShingle D. Colomer-Poveda
S. Romero-Arenas
T. Hortobagyi
G. Márquez
Does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? A systematic review
Neurología (English Edition)
Entrenamiento unilateral
Excitabilidad corticoespinal
Estimulación magnética transcraneal
Médula espinal
Potencial motor evocado
author_facet D. Colomer-Poveda
S. Romero-Arenas
T. Hortobagyi
G. Márquez
author_sort D. Colomer-Poveda
title Does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? A systematic review
title_short Does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? A systematic review
title_full Does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? A systematic review
title_fullStr Does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? A systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? A systematic review
title_sort does ipsilateral corticospinal excitability play a decisive role in the cross-education effect caused by unilateral resistance training? a systematic review
publisher Elsevier España
series Neurología (English Edition)
issn 2173-5808
publishDate 2021-05-01
description Introduction: Unilateral resistance training has been shown to improve muscle strength in both the trained and the untrained limb. One of the most widely accepted theories is that this improved performance is due to nervous system adaptations, specifically in the primary motor cortex. According to this hypothesis, increased corticospinal excitability (CSE), measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation, is one of the main adaptations observed following prolonged periods of training. The principal aim of this review is to determine the degree of adaptation of CSE and its possible functional association with increased strength in the untrained limb. Development: We performed a systematic literature review of studies published between January 1970 and December 2016, extracted from Medline (via PubMed), Ovid, Web of Science, and Science Direct online databases. The search terms were as follows: (transcranial magnetic stimulation OR excitability) AND (strength training OR resistance training OR force) AND (cross transfer OR contralateral limb OR cross education). A total of 10 articles were found. Conclusion: Results regarding increased CSE were inconsistent. Although the possibility that the methodology had a role in this inconsistency cannot be ruled out, the results appear to suggest that there may not be a functional association between increases in muscle strength and in CSE. Resumen: Introducción: El entrenamiento de fuerza unilateral ha demostrado provocar aumentos de fuerza tanto en la extremidad entrenada como en la no entrenada. Una de las teorías actuales más aceptadas defiende que el origen de dicho aumento de rendimiento se encuentra en adaptaciones en el sistema nervioso, concretamente en la corteza motora primaria, siendo los aumentos en la excitabilidad corticoespinal (EC) medida con estimulación magnética transcraneal una de las principales adaptaciones observadas tras periodos crónicos de entrenamiento. Por ello, el principal objetivo es hacer un análisis de la literatura actual para determinar el grado de adaptación que se da en la EC y su posible relación funcional con el aumento de fuerza de la extremidad no entrenada. Desarrollo: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda sistemática en la literatura existente entre enero de 1970 hasta diciembre de 2016 en las bases de datos online Medline (vía PubMed), Ovid, Web of Science y Science Direct con la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: (Transcranial magnetic stimulation OR excitability) Y (strength training OR resistance training or force) Y (cross transfer OR contralateral limb OR cross education). Finalmente se incluyeron un total de 10 artículos. Conclusiones: Existe cierta inconsistencia en los resultados referentes al aumento de la EC. Aunque no se puede descartar que dicha inconsistencia se deba a aspectos metodológicos, los resultados parecen indicar que el aumento de fuerza y el incremento en la EC podrían no estar funcionalmente relacionados.
topic Entrenamiento unilateral
Excitabilidad corticoespinal
Estimulación magnética transcraneal
Médula espinal
Potencial motor evocado
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S217358081930104X
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