Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In Vitro
In antimicrobial drug development, in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing is conducted in standard growth media, such as Mueller–Hinton broth (MHB). These growth media provide optimal bacterial growth, but do not consider certain host factors that would be necessary to mimic the in vivo bacteria...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-08-01
|
Series: | Pharmaceutics |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/8/773 |
id |
doaj-239851548aab43bb8746b94935a5e8c0 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-239851548aab43bb8746b94935a5e8c02020-11-25T03:52:03ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232020-08-011277377310.3390/pharmaceutics12080773Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In VitroAlina Nussbaumer-Pröll0Markus Zeitlinger1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaIn antimicrobial drug development, in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing is conducted in standard growth media, such as Mueller–Hinton broth (MHB). These growth media provide optimal bacterial growth, but do not consider certain host factors that would be necessary to mimic the in vivo bacterial environment in the human body. The present review aimed to include relevant data published between 1986 and 2019. A database search (PubMed) was done with text keywords, such as “MIC” (minimal inhibitory concentration), “TKC” (time kill curve), “blood”, “body fluid”, “PD” (pharmacodynamic), and “in vitro”, and 53 papers were ultimately selected. Additionally, a literature search for physiologic characteristics of body fluids was conducted. This review gives an excerpt of the complexity of human compartments with their physiologic composition. Furthermore, we present an update of currently available in vitro models operated either with adapted growth media or body fluids themselves. Moreover, the feasibility of testing the activity of antimicrobials in such settings is discussed, and pro and cons for standard practice methods are given. The impact on bacterial killing varies between individual adapted microbiological media, as well as direct pharmacodynamic simulations in body fluids, between bacterial strains, antimicrobial agents, and the compositions of the adjuvants or the biological fluid itself.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/8/773adapted growth mediabody fluidsin vitroPDMICTKC |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll Markus Zeitlinger |
spellingShingle |
Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll Markus Zeitlinger Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In Vitro Pharmaceutics adapted growth media body fluids in vitro PD MIC TKC |
author_facet |
Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll Markus Zeitlinger |
author_sort |
Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll |
title |
Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In Vitro |
title_short |
Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In Vitro |
title_full |
Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In Vitro |
title_fullStr |
Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In Vitro |
title_full_unstemmed |
Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In Vitro |
title_sort |
use of supplemented or human material to simulate pd behavior of antibiotics at the target site in vitro |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pharmaceutics |
issn |
1999-4923 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
In antimicrobial drug development, in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing is conducted in standard growth media, such as Mueller–Hinton broth (MHB). These growth media provide optimal bacterial growth, but do not consider certain host factors that would be necessary to mimic the in vivo bacterial environment in the human body. The present review aimed to include relevant data published between 1986 and 2019. A database search (PubMed) was done with text keywords, such as “MIC” (minimal inhibitory concentration), “TKC” (time kill curve), “blood”, “body fluid”, “PD” (pharmacodynamic), and “in vitro”, and 53 papers were ultimately selected. Additionally, a literature search for physiologic characteristics of body fluids was conducted. This review gives an excerpt of the complexity of human compartments with their physiologic composition. Furthermore, we present an update of currently available in vitro models operated either with adapted growth media or body fluids themselves. Moreover, the feasibility of testing the activity of antimicrobials in such settings is discussed, and pro and cons for standard practice methods are given. The impact on bacterial killing varies between individual adapted microbiological media, as well as direct pharmacodynamic simulations in body fluids, between bacterial strains, antimicrobial agents, and the compositions of the adjuvants or the biological fluid itself. |
topic |
adapted growth media body fluids in vitro PD MIC TKC |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/8/773 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT alinanussbaumerproll useofsupplementedorhumanmaterialtosimulatepdbehaviorofantibioticsatthetargetsiteinvitro AT markuszeitlinger useofsupplementedorhumanmaterialtosimulatepdbehaviorofantibioticsatthetargetsiteinvitro |
_version_ |
1724484603252572160 |