The Dynamical Emergence of Biology From Physics: Branching Causation via Biomolecules
Biology differs fundamentally from the physics that underlies it. This paper1 proposes that the essential difference is that while physics at its fundamental level is Hamiltonian, in biology, once life has come into existence, causation of a contextual branching nature occurs at every level of the h...
Main Authors: | George F. R. Ellis, Jonathan Kopel |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-01-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.01966/full |
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