Analysis of the Word-Initial Segment with Reference to Lemmatising Zulu Nasal Nouns

<p>The process of lemmatising nasal nouns in the Zulu lexicon is problematic. The traditional method is to lemmatise a Zulu lexical noun by etymological noun-stem. This practice creates difficulties in harmonising lexical nouns with their syntactic application. Most authors and diction...

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Main Author: M.H. Mpungose
Format: Article
Language:Afrikaans
Published: Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal-WAT 2012-09-01
Series:Lexikos
Subjects:
Online Access:http://lexikos.journals.ac.za/pub/article/view/945
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spelling doaj-2228ab6f18a54e31814f8e66d37364d52020-11-25T00:18:30ZafrWoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal-WATLexikos1684-49042224-00392012-09-018110.5788/8-1-945Analysis of the Word-Initial Segment with Reference to Lemmatising Zulu Nasal NounsM.H. Mpungose&lt;p&gt;The process of lemmatising nasal nouns in the Zulu lexicon is problematic. The traditional method is to lemmatise a Zulu lexical noun by etymological noun-stem. This practice creates difficulties in harmonising lexical nouns with their syntactic application. Most authors and dictionary-makers are inconsistent in identifying the word-initial segment which determines the letter of the alphabet under which the lexical noun should be included. Consequently, dictionary users do not find Zulu dictionaries user-friendly. This article therefore proposes the principle of "a noun without initial vowel" as a method for lemmatising Zulu nasal nouns. It concludes that it is not necessary to delve into the derivational history of a lexical noun, but rather to focus on the product of the operation of morphophonological rules. The article also suggests the need to identify the distinctiveness of the segments of a syllable and to acknowledge that identical forms of a segment do occur at different segmental positions (initial, medial and final). Finally it is argued that the Zulu nasal noun class prefix is constructed according to an open syllable pattern defined by a general CV-formula based on a VCV noun prefix open syllable pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Keywords:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; adjoined letter; compound; composite; consonant; element; etymological; evolutionary; homorganic; initial; intravowel; lemma; lemmatise; lexical; morphophonological; nasal; noun class prefix; segment; syllable; vowel&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;<br>Die proses van lemmatisering van nasale naamwoorde in die Zoeloeleksikon is problematies. Die tradisionele metode is om leksikale selfstandige naamwoorde in Zoeloe volgens die etimologiese naamwoordstam te lemmatiseer. Hierdie gebruik veroorsaak moeilikhede by die harmonisering van leksikale selfstandige naamwoorde met hul sintaktiese toepassing. Die meeste outeurs en leksikograwe is inkonsekwent in die identifisering van die woordinisiële segment wat die letter van die alfabet bepaal waaronder die leksikale selfstandige naamwoord geplaas moet word. Gevolglik vind woordeboekgebruikers Zoeloewoordeboeke nie gebruikersvriendelik nie. In hierdie artikel word die beginsel van "'n selfstandige naamwoord sonder inisiële klinker" dus voorgestel as 'n metode om nasale naamwoorde in Zoeloe te lemmatiseer. Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat dit nie nodig is om op die afleidingsgeskiedenis van 'n leksikale naamwoord in te gaan nie, maar dat daar eerder gefokus moet word op die produk van die werking van die morfofonologiese reëls. Die artikel gee dit ook ter oorweging dat dit nodig is om die onderskeidende kenmerke van die segmente van 'n sillabe te identifiseer en om te erken dat identiese vorme van 'n segment in verskillende segmentele posisies (inisieel, mediaal en finaal) voorkom. Ten slotte word voorgestel dat die prefiks van die nasale naamwoord in Zoeloe saamgestel word aan die hand van 'n oop sillabepatroon gedefinieer deur 'n algemene KV-formule gebaseer op 'n VKV-naamwoordprefiks-oopsillabepatroon. &lt;p&gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Sleutelwoorde:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; naasliggende letter; samestelling; saamgestel; konsonant; element; etimologies; evolusionêr; homorganies; inisieel; intraklinker; lemma; lemmatiseer; leksikaal; morfofonologies; nasaal; naamwoordklas; segment; sillabe; klinker&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;http://lexikos.journals.ac.za/pub/article/view/945adjoined lettercompoundcompositeconsonantelementetymologicalevolutionaryhomorganicinitialintravowellemmalemmatiselexicalmorphophonologicalnasalnoun class prefixsegmentsyllablevowel
collection DOAJ
language Afrikaans
format Article
sources DOAJ
author M.H. Mpungose
spellingShingle M.H. Mpungose
Analysis of the Word-Initial Segment with Reference to Lemmatising Zulu Nasal Nouns
Lexikos
adjoined letter
compound
composite
consonant
element
etymological
evolutionary
homorganic
initial
intravowel
lemma
lemmatise
lexical
morphophonological
nasal
noun class prefix
segment
syllable
vowel
author_facet M.H. Mpungose
author_sort M.H. Mpungose
title Analysis of the Word-Initial Segment with Reference to Lemmatising Zulu Nasal Nouns
title_short Analysis of the Word-Initial Segment with Reference to Lemmatising Zulu Nasal Nouns
title_full Analysis of the Word-Initial Segment with Reference to Lemmatising Zulu Nasal Nouns
title_fullStr Analysis of the Word-Initial Segment with Reference to Lemmatising Zulu Nasal Nouns
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the Word-Initial Segment with Reference to Lemmatising Zulu Nasal Nouns
title_sort analysis of the word-initial segment with reference to lemmatising zulu nasal nouns
publisher Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal-WAT
series Lexikos
issn 1684-4904
2224-0039
publishDate 2012-09-01
description &lt;p&gt;The process of lemmatising nasal nouns in the Zulu lexicon is problematic. The traditional method is to lemmatise a Zulu lexical noun by etymological noun-stem. This practice creates difficulties in harmonising lexical nouns with their syntactic application. Most authors and dictionary-makers are inconsistent in identifying the word-initial segment which determines the letter of the alphabet under which the lexical noun should be included. Consequently, dictionary users do not find Zulu dictionaries user-friendly. This article therefore proposes the principle of "a noun without initial vowel" as a method for lemmatising Zulu nasal nouns. It concludes that it is not necessary to delve into the derivational history of a lexical noun, but rather to focus on the product of the operation of morphophonological rules. The article also suggests the need to identify the distinctiveness of the segments of a syllable and to acknowledge that identical forms of a segment do occur at different segmental positions (initial, medial and final). Finally it is argued that the Zulu nasal noun class prefix is constructed according to an open syllable pattern defined by a general CV-formula based on a VCV noun prefix open syllable pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Keywords:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; adjoined letter; compound; composite; consonant; element; etymological; evolutionary; homorganic; initial; intravowel; lemma; lemmatise; lexical; morphophonological; nasal; noun class prefix; segment; syllable; vowel&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;<br>Die proses van lemmatisering van nasale naamwoorde in die Zoeloeleksikon is problematies. Die tradisionele metode is om leksikale selfstandige naamwoorde in Zoeloe volgens die etimologiese naamwoordstam te lemmatiseer. Hierdie gebruik veroorsaak moeilikhede by die harmonisering van leksikale selfstandige naamwoorde met hul sintaktiese toepassing. Die meeste outeurs en leksikograwe is inkonsekwent in die identifisering van die woordinisiële segment wat die letter van die alfabet bepaal waaronder die leksikale selfstandige naamwoord geplaas moet word. Gevolglik vind woordeboekgebruikers Zoeloewoordeboeke nie gebruikersvriendelik nie. In hierdie artikel word die beginsel van "'n selfstandige naamwoord sonder inisiële klinker" dus voorgestel as 'n metode om nasale naamwoorde in Zoeloe te lemmatiseer. Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat dit nie nodig is om op die afleidingsgeskiedenis van 'n leksikale naamwoord in te gaan nie, maar dat daar eerder gefokus moet word op die produk van die werking van die morfofonologiese reëls. Die artikel gee dit ook ter oorweging dat dit nodig is om die onderskeidende kenmerke van die segmente van 'n sillabe te identifiseer en om te erken dat identiese vorme van 'n segment in verskillende segmentele posisies (inisieel, mediaal en finaal) voorkom. Ten slotte word voorgestel dat die prefiks van die nasale naamwoord in Zoeloe saamgestel word aan die hand van 'n oop sillabepatroon gedefinieer deur 'n algemene KV-formule gebaseer op 'n VKV-naamwoordprefiks-oopsillabepatroon. &lt;p&gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Sleutelwoorde:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; naasliggende letter; samestelling; saamgestel; konsonant; element; etimologies; evolusionêr; homorganies; inisieel; intraklinker; lemma; lemmatiseer; leksikaal; morfofonologies; nasaal; naamwoordklas; segment; sillabe; klinker&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
topic adjoined letter
compound
composite
consonant
element
etymological
evolutionary
homorganic
initial
intravowel
lemma
lemmatise
lexical
morphophonological
nasal
noun class prefix
segment
syllable
vowel
url http://lexikos.journals.ac.za/pub/article/view/945
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