La sexualidad como frontera entre presas políticas y presas comunes bajo los nazis y el franquismo La sexualidad como frontera entre presas políticas y presas comunes bajo los nazis y el franquismo

Female common and political prisoners lived together in the heart of the crowded postwar Francoist prisons, thus sharing a close intimacy. In an environment of unavoidable promiscuity, many female common prisoners were keen on self-eroticism and lesbian displays, which were the only ones that were p...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: RAQUEL Osborne
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidad Complutense 2009-05-01
Series:Política y Sociedad
Subjects:
Online Access:http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/POSO/article/view/22987
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Summary:Female common and political prisoners lived together in the heart of the crowded postwar Francoist prisons, thus sharing a close intimacy. In an environment of unavoidable promiscuity, many female common prisoners were keen on self-eroticism and lesbian displays, which were the only ones that were possible within that context of internment. The official morality and the intolerant social mentality of that time towards those kinds of expressions of sexuality went hand in hand. The same circumstances ruled Nazi concentration camps, where a lot of female political exiles and some former prisoners from Franco’s jails ended up. We are interested here in the analysis of the reasons for the development of a rigid sexual morality by female political prisoners, most of them communist, within both kinds of “total institutions”, as they showed rejection towards the aforementioned expressions. This had to do with the tendency that the authorities of the centers had of turning laissez faire policies into a bargaining chip in order to attain greater control of the prisoners, especially of the female political prisoners. The strategy that was chosen to avoid the vulnerability against policies ultimately doomed to extermination, was a life of militancy based on an iron discipline. This included keeping at a distance from the female common prisoners and the denial of every single display of sexual pleasure within the internment centers.<br>En el seno de las atestadas prisiones franquistas de posguerra, presas comunes y políticas convivían en estrecha intimidad. En un entorno de promiscuidad inevitable, no pocas presas comunes, se prodigaban en manifestaciones de autoerotismo y lesbianismo, únicas posibles en ese contexto de internamiento. La moralidad oficial y la intolerante mentalidad social propia de la época hacia ese tipo de expresiones de la sexualidad se daban la mano. Parecidas circunstancias regían en los campos de concentración nazis, adonde fueron a parar no pocas exiliadas políticas y alguna expresa de las cárceles de Franco. Nos interesará examinar las razones del desarrollo de una rígida moral sexual, que rechazaba cualesquiera de las expresiones mencionadas por parte de las presas políticas, mayoritariamente comunistas, en ambos tipos de “instituciones totales”. Ello tenía que ver con la tendencia de la autoridad de los centros a convertir en moneda de cambio una política de laissez faire en el terreno de la sexualidad. Con ello se lograba un mayor control de la reclusión, en particular de las presas políticas. La estrategia escogida para evitar la vulnerabilidad frente a una política abocada en último término al exterminio fue la de una vida de militancia cimentada en una férrea disciplina. Su mantenimiento exigía la mayor distancia posible de las presas comunes y la negación, propia y ajena, de toda manifestación de goce sexual en los centros de internamiento.
ISSN:1130-8001
1988-3129