MCU encodes the pore conducting mitochondrial calcium currents

• Main Authors: Dipayan Chaudhuri, Yasemin Sancak, Vamsi K Mootha, David E Clapham
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2013-06-01
• Series: eLife
• Subjects: mitoplast; MICU1; ruthenium red; calcium channel; electrophysiology; MCUR1
• Online Access: https://elifesciences.org/articles/00704

Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) import is a well-described phenomenon regulating cell survival and ATP production. Of multiple pathways allowing such entry, the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter is a highly Ca2+-selective channel complex encoded by several recently-discovered genes. However, the identity of the pore-forming subunit remains to be established, since knockdown of all the candidate uniporter genes inhibit Ca2+ uptake in imaging assays, and reconstitution experiments have been equivocal. To definitively identify the channel, we use whole-mitoplast voltage-clamping, the technique that originally established the uniporter as a Ca2+ channel. We show that RNAi-mediated knockdown of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) gene reduces mitochondrial Ca2+ current (IMiCa), whereas overexpression increases it. Additionally, a classic feature of IMiCa, its sensitivity to ruthenium red inhibition, can be abolished by a point mutation in the putative pore domain without altering current magnitude. These analyses establish that MCU encodes the pore-forming subunit of the uniporter channel.