| Summary: | Background. Diagnosis of male infertility is relevant. Contemporary authors, believe that the share of male infertility accounts for up to 40–50 %.Objective: to improve the results of diagnostics of male infertility.Materials and methods. We studied 26 men with non-obstructive azoospermia. The comparison group consisted of healthy men 22. Patients according to indications performed testicle biopsy with subsequent morphological analysis of biopsy specimens. Sections of testicular tissue was subjected to staining with hematoxylin and eosin, indirect immunohistochemical study of universal growth factors: insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epithermal growth factor (EGF).Results. According to ultrasound of the scrotum in the b-mode we also noted a significant difference in the structure of the testis: the presence of echo-positive inclusions, inhomogeneity of the parenchyma, increase of its echogenicity (p < 0.05). The staining of sections of testis stained with hematoxylin and eosin, we recorded significant changes in convoluted seminiferous tubules in patients with azoospermia: the diameter is reduced in 1,5–2,0 times (hypoplasia), basal membrane with distinct fibrous component (the fibrosis) (p < 0.05). The level of expression of IGF-1 in the germ cells – up to 5 %. In patients of the main group, the expression of marker EGF in germ cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig, and in modnyh cells we did not find (“–”). The level of VEGF expression in germ cells up to 10 %.Conclusions. Severe forms of male infertility (non-obstructive idiopathic azoospermia) requires a comprehensive clinical and morphological examination.
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