| Summary: | The paper discusses the process of independence in the Province of São Paulo departing from the analysis of the political and economical panorama of the region in the first decades of the 19th century. With that purpose, it analyses the most current thesis on the issue, according to which the political power of the São Paulo groups involved in the movement that led to the separation of Brazil and Portugal did not correspond to the economical weakness of the region. Considering recent studies, it also deals with the question of an already crystallized image of the bibliography that dealt with the independence in São Paulo, namely, the one of the Paulista unity surrounding the project of a Brazilian Empire, with headquarters in Rio de Janeiro, then represented by Prince Regent D. Pedro.
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