Anti-obesity potential of almond (Prunus dulcis) in experimental animals under cafeteria and atherogenic diets

• Main Authors: Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, Shrey Tambe, Yahya Mohzari, Ahmed Alrashed, Hamdan Najib Alajami, Awad Othman Aljohani, Abdullah Ali Al Mushtawi, Majed Sultan Alenazy, Rakan Fahad Alamer, Abdulmajead Khalid Alanazi, Syed Imam Rabbani
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2021-07-01
• Series: Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
• Subjects: Lipid parameters; Obesity; CNS parameters; Almond; Cafeteria diet; Atherogenic diet
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X21002801

Background & objectives: Natural dietary supplements are progressively getting famous to supplant synthetic substances particularly in chronic morbidities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-obesity potential of almond on the normal, Cafeteria, and Atherogenic diets. Materials and methods: Parameters such as change in body weight, body temperature, lipid profile, organ weights, and fat pad weights were assessed. Central Nervous System related studies (Despair Swim test and Elevated Plus maze test) were also performed to comprehend the effect of the diets, and almond on the brain. All of the experimental animals were randomly assigned to one of three diet categoriesregular, cafeteria, or atherogenic, and fed those diets for 40 days. Each diet had the control group, standard drug group and three almond groups (low dose: 50; medium dose: 100 and high dose: 200 mg/kg body weight). Body weight was recorded every alternate day. On 40th day, body temperature was measured. On day 41, lipid parameters, organ weights, fat pad weights and the CNS parameters were evaluated. ANOVA followed by Duncans Multiple Range Test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Treatment of animals with either a low or high dose of almond as well as a standard herb prevented a rise in body weight significantly (p = 0.01) in all three diet groups. When a regular diet was replaced with a cafeteria and atherogenic diet, the serum levels of triglycerides and LDL increased significantly, while HDL levels decreased significantly. Overall, almond preparation reduced lipid parameters, organ weights, fat-pad weights, and stabilized CNS parameters substantially. Interpretation & conclusion: The almond high dose was the most effective of all the almond preparations. Our study suggests that chronic administration of almond independently reduces the body weight in experimental animals.