miR-16-5p Promotes Erythroid Maturation of Erythroleukemia Cells by Regulating Ribosome Biogenesis

• Main Authors: Christos I. Papagiannopoulos, Nikoleta F. Theodoroula, Ioannis S. Vizirianakis
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-02-01
• Series: Pharmaceuticals
• Subjects: miRNA therapeutics; miR-16-5p; erythroleukemia; erythroid differentiation; cancer; ribosomes
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/2/137

miRNAs constitute a class of non-coding RNA that act as powerful epigenetic regulators in animal and plant cells. In order to identify putative tumor-suppressor miRNAs we profiled the expression of various miRNAs during differentiation of erythroleukemia cells. RNA was purified before and after differentiation induction and subjected to quantitative RT-PCR. The majority of the miRNAs tested were found upregulated in differentiated cells with miR-16-5p showing the most significant increase. Functional studies using gain- and loss-of-function constructs proposed that miR-16-5p has a role in promoting the erythroid differentiation program of murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells. In order to identify the underlying mechanism of action, we utilized bioinformatic in-silico platforms that incorporate predictions for the genes targeted by miR-16-5p. Interestingly, ribosome constituents, as well as ribosome biogenesis factors, were overrepresented among the miR-16-5p predicted gene targets. Accordingly, biochemical experiments showed that, indeed, miR-16-5p could modulate the levels of independent ribosomal proteins, and the overall ribosomal levels in cultured cells. In conclusion, miR-16-5p is identified as a differentiation-promoting agent in erythroleukemia cells, demonstrating antiproliferative activity, likely as a result of its ability to target the ribosomal machinery and restore any imbalanced activity imposed by the malignancy and the blockade of differentiation.